A Study On Berlin’s Concepts Of Liberty

The paper analysis two concepts of Liberty and value of pluralism of Isaiah.Berlin. The opening of this paper is about the liberalism of the 20th century suffered political and moral dilemmas as the entry point which leads to the reflection on the history of ideas and Berlin’s conclusion:the worship of the rational monism and the absence of negative liberty. Subsequently, the article which uses the method of literature and the synthesis of the original and coherent research materials which exist about Berlin as the basis and which uses the quoted text of the dialectic analysis of the liberty thought and gives systematically discussed and a brief evaluation about value pluralism, summed up the uniqueness and the significance about the concept of liberty of Berlin.The first part in this article is about the twentieth century ideals of liberty lost as the background and searches the ideological origins of Berlin’s "Two Concepts of Liberty" and inherits and especially develops the Benjamin Constant’s view of liberty. At the same time, this article bases on the liberal tradition of British empiricism as the point to disuss.The second part of this paper describes in detail the theoretical basis of the Berlin’s concept of liberty-the value of pluralism. The value pluralism first builts on top of the critique of Western rationalism of monism and then, benefiting from the" against the current thinkers" insights, Berlin summed up the importance of value pluralism and ideological value.The third part of the paper introduces in detail and analysis "Two Concepts of Liberty". At same time, on the basis of defining two kinds of liberty, the paper discusses the dialectical relationship of the two kinds of liberty which includes positive liberty and negative liberty. The positive liberty is divided into "self-restraint" and "self-realization" and the negative freedom is divided into" free from compulsion "and" free from arrestment". This two liberty are easily fallen into their opposite, therefore Berlin warned that we should carefully guard against positive liberty, and maintenance of negative liberty. The fourth part of this paper inquires about the meaning and impact of Berlin’s concept of liberty from the view of history of ideas. First of all, contemporary Anglo-American political philosophy on the basis of Berlin’s concept of liberty, and secondly, it carries forward the core concept of liberal "tolerance". Meanwhile, the concept of liberty of Berlin can not be ignored the plight which is conflict about his concept of liberty and pluralism inherent. It fundamentally undermines the universality of the value of liberty and priority. Finally, in above of the predicament, leads the way out of the concept of liberty in Berlin-John Green’s "competitive liberalism".The last section of this paper summarizes the Berlin’s liberty view of the profound meaning and unique significance.