Thesis:from The Social Insurance To National Welfare——a Research On British Social Welfare Policy From1906to1948

Social welfare policy is an important factor to affect the public welfare and social harmony, no country in the process of modernization can avoid this problem. Britain is a typical representative of the Western welfare. Such as the Poor Law of1601, National Insurance Act and the National Health Care Act of1948. Britain’s social welfare policy played a pivotal role in history of the world’s social security system development. Half of the twentieth century, British’s social welfare policy experienced the change from charity to rights, from personal responsibility to government responsibility, from social insurance to the state welfare. Britain established a relatively complete set of welfare state system. Therefore, the study of British social welfare policy not only helps to understand the basic idea of modern social security system and development path, also accumulates rich experience in China’s social welfare system and the improvement of the social security system.This paper uses research methods of documentary research, system analysis, typical analysis. To examine the policy development of the British welfare state context as the starting point, The paper systematically analyzes social welfare policies under the historical background of, the first half of the twentieth century, Then comprehensive analyzes the characteristics and value orientation. Then the paper dicusses the multi-dimensional reason which caused the changes of social welfare policy. The debt crisis in Europe started in is a social hot spots. An important factor is the high level of its welfare. Finally, a relatively fair assessment and reflection about the British welfare state, and summarize the lessons of history, trying to find out the significance to benefit our country’s social policy reform. Under the framework of this study, the chapters of this paper is organized as follows. Chapter Ⅰ is the introduction of the article, including the background, literature review, research methods, content and articles main concepts defined. Chapter Ⅱ is a body part, it is an overview of the different stages in the development of social policy from1906to1948. Chapter Ⅲ undertakes chapter Ⅱ, summarizes the evolution of features and value orientation of the British social welfare policy. Chapter Ⅳ describes the multiple incentives of the British national welfare system. Chapter Ⅴ is the comprehensive evaluation about the Welfare policies of the British which from social insurance to the state welfare, comes to some useful experience and enlightenment in the process of building our country’s welfare system.