Modern Social Contract Discourse Ratings

The modern social contract theory, the first human to itself as the protagonist, to get to know the problems of society and the country of origin, laid the foundation of modern political theory, therefore, whether as an important stage of political philosophy, or political theory today a forerunner are worthy of our attention and study.Ideological Origins of Modern Social Contract, the earliest can be traced back to ancient Greece, the wise Socrates to death to defend the dignity of the law, reflecting the seeds of the contract thinking; thinking of the earliest of the Epicureans and Stoicism mentioned the idea of the social contract of the former social contract theory to develop a basic framework, which laid a solid theoretical foundation for the building of social contract theory; to Grotius, natural law and contract theory to combine into one, open the door to the modern social contract theory.Hobbs from the teleological point of view the idea of social contract theory complete, he believes that the conclusion of the contract, from the natural state of disorder, formed the Community of Nations, in order to achieve self-preservation, which is the natural law the highest standards. But his contract theory does not lead to the subjects of freedom, equal conclusions, but instead come to a more authoritarian political model, became the despotism of the defense theory, and thus controversial.Locke believed that the state of the state and society people to the new "state of nature" unfettered life of the bridge, he is more concerned about people’s "freedom", and that the State is to ensure the safety of human life, liberty and property rights of the Government of is limited, it can only use the subjects to transfer to their rights, to protect the freedom of the people.Rousseau’s social contract theory is more concerned with equality issues. He believes that democracies must be established based on the social contract in order to overcome and eliminate social inequality. People to transfer their rights to the state, the collective will of the public will, the rights of the country belongs to all people, countries exercise their powers to ensure the people’s freedom and equality.Kant gives the State the origin of a new philosophical basis and explanation, he put aside the extrapolation of experience that are practical rationality postulate, from the natural law to the social contract has nothing to do with the reality of experience, so that the social contract as a moral reason demands, to lay on top of his moral philosophy and the philosophy of history.Combing of the modern social contract theory, we can better understand its historical significance as an important stage of the political philosophy and far-reaching impact.