Health Education Status And Short Term Effect Evaluation Through The Intervention Among Middle School Students In Chongqing

Objective: To get the message about AIDS related knowledge, attitude,behaviour, correlation, affect factors and intervention effect, then providethe health education strategy for AIDS prevention and promote AIDShealth education in middle school.Method: quantitative and qualitative study methods are both used inthe research.1. Quantitative study: The quantitative investigation was conductedamong1059junior high school students in four schools in Chongqing(Jiulongpo Urban Area, Jiangbei Urban Area, Dianjiang County, KaiCounty) by random and cluster sampling in the baseline survey;Intervention survey was conducted in Jiulongpo and Dianjiang,questionnaire survey was used among375junior high school students aftera week. The data were entered into database of EPDATA software.SPSS16.0software was applied in the quantitative data analysis.2. Qualitative interview: The different guidelines were used among the different interviewers. Fourty-five persons were interviewed by both focusgroup interviews and in-depth interviews. Thematic framework method wasapplied to analyze qualitative data.Results:1. Baseline resultKnowledge: The average score for AIDS knowledge was4.97, theknowledge rate about transmission（56.5%）was higher thanbasis（36.3%） and non-transmission（31.5%）.The grade (OR=2.453),learned or not (OR=1.937), newspapers (OR=2.041) and billboard(OR=1.602) were the influence factors for the students’ knowledge score.Attitude: The rate for not discrimination and showing sympathy was68.0%and58.8%, but willing to study and working with AIDS was only31.9%; the average score to the attitude was2.51, and the differencesbetween the grades and regions were statistically significant; the correlationcoefficient between knowledge score and total attitude was0.283.Behavior:12.7%of the students read newspaper and audio productswith sex,3%of the students had sex experience. The grade (OR=2.350),region (OR=2.899), learned or not (OR=0.740), family (OR=1.382) andnetwork (OR=1.399) were the influence factors for the students’ riskbehavior.Qualitative results:Cognitive, attitudes and requirement: All of the students heard of AIDS, but most of them did not understand pathogen and symptoms. Themost can answer one or two transmissions. The students were lack ofprevention consciousness. The most of students would like to learn in thesame classoom or coexistence with AIDS patients. The most thought "thestudents are safe, AIDS is far away", so if providing the health education,they would like to learn.AIDS health education in school: Health education was opened for allschool, but little about AIDS. All of the leaders and teachers agreed todevelop AIDS health education in the school. The school doctor playedDVD for the freshmen in middle school once every semester, the contentincluding adolescent physiology health and association between boys andgirls, etc. Some course was conducted by sports teacher concurrently. It islack of the teachers with AIDS knowledge and suitable textbook, so healtheducation was restricted.The attitude of education committee and CDC: All of the leaders ineducation committee and CDC thought that AIDS health educatiom waslittle, because that the students were not the high-risk group and the boundpressure. It was the main obstruction that there was not suitable textbook.They also emphasized behavior intervention.2. The short term effect evaluation through the interventionThrough the intervention, the total knowledge rate was80.11%, thebasis knowledge rate was74.01%, the transmission knowledge rate was 83.22%, and the non-transmission knowledge rate was86.13%. Theknowledge accurate rate was significantly increased (37.82%,32.07%,50.06%and26.87%)(P＜0.01). The average knowledge score was18.33, itwas significantly increased (3.23)(P＜0.01), and the differences betweenthe sex and regions were statistically significant.Through health education, the attitude about showing sympathy,willing to work with each other, learning and publicizing was significantlyincreased (P＜0.01). The average attitude score was5.07, it wassignificantly increased (2.43)(P＜0.01), and the differences between the sexand regions were statistically significant.Conclusion: The school health education for AIDS prevention wasdeficiency, even missing, the most of students hoped to learn. After healtheducation, the knowledge and the attitude were significantly increased, buthad not yet reached the national goal. School education was effective toimprove related knowledge and the attitude of students and promoteprevention consciousness and self-protection. AIDS health educationshould be started in middle school.