Jointing Selection Of Spectrum And Route Algorithm In Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks

In recent years, the available radio spectrum resources becoming increasingly scarce,are unable to meet the growing demand for mobile internet communications. Thecognitive radio technology (CR) gives new ideas to improve the utilization of wirelessspectrum. With the development of the research and application of cognitive radiotechnology, in Cognitive Radio ad hoc Networks (CRAHNs), Secondary Users (SU)continuously senses the radio spectrum environment where they are at. Without interferingwith the communication of primary user (PU), they make a use of the idle authorizedspectrum by opportunity accessing. The selection of route (or next hop) and the allocationof spectrum (or spectrum selection) is considered to be the most important and difficultresearch focus in CRAHNs. Although the research of routing protocol is quite mature inad hoc networks, the routing protocol for CRAHNs need more in-depth and detailed studyas the result of the characteristics of cognitive radio. In this context, we present a noveljointing selection of spectrum and route algorithm (JSR) for CRAHNs in this paper. Inorder to reduce the delay of end-to-end data transmission and increase network throughputand lower the interference on primary user’s receiver in the routing layer.In this paper, firstly, we introduces the background of the study of cognitive radiotechnology, and then make a simple description from the basic concepts of the origin,development, current research status and the key technologies of cognitive radiotechnology, paving the way to study of routing algorithms and protocols of CRAHNs inlater. Then, based on the analysis and summary of the study of the present CRAHNsrouting protocols, we present a novel jointing selection of spectrum and route algorithm(JSR). In the proposed JSR algorithms, by comprehensive considering spectrumawareness, the rate of data at the statistical law, the protection of primary user’s receiverand spectrum sensing between secondary users, the selection of spectrum and the selectionof route or the next hop are simultaneously executed to choose the best available spectrumand calculate routing metric. SU will find the route to destination SU route by adopting away which is analogous to AODV, ad hoc network’s classic routing protocol. But differentfrom the traditional AODV algorithm, our JSR protocol use a common control channel (CCC) to exchange the routing information, design the process of route request from theperspective of energy efficiency and add active response strategy based on PU’s receiverprotection into the process of route maintain. Finally, we make some simulation by usingthe architecture of CRCN based the NS2Simulator and compare performance with theprotocol based on spectrum opportunity and latency from three aspects, such as t heend-to-end performance of SU, PU’s receiver protection and route maintenance. From thesimulation results, we can find that the proposed JSR protocol have more excellentperformance in reducing end-to-end delay between the secondary user, increasing networkthroughput, improving the utilization of wireless spectrum, lowering the interference onPU’s receiver and quickly recovering route when routing fail.