A Study On The Impact Of Financial Differences On The Economic Imbalances Between China And The United States

Since the1990s, the problem of economic imbalances between China and United States has become increasingly prominent, and it has the typical characteristics of the global economic imbalances and is a major component of global economic imbalances. Between the two countries, it is a long-term coexistence and large-scale continuous growth to China’s trade surplus and the U.S. trade deficit, accompanying by the huge cross-border flows of international capital and excessive accumulation of debt, thereby formed the current situation of the economic imbalance between the two countries. As the problem of economic imbalances has become increasingly prominent, a growing number of scholars actively explore the causes of an economic imbalance which began in the1990s, it’s a hot topic of the current world economic research field. Contrasting to several global imbalances in the history, it can be found that enormous differences in financial development exists between the major economies of the global economic imbalances. Consequently, this paper aims to research the relationship between the financial differences and economic imbalance China and United States, analyzes the effect mechanisms of the financial differences on the economic imbalance, and wishes to provide the study of the economic imbalances with a new perspective and proposes suggestions of adjustment of economic imbalance for China in the perspective of financial development.This paper reviewed researches on the causes of economic imbalances in the introduction part, and summarized the researches which explain the economic imbalance from the financial perspective. The second chapter gives a detailed analysis of the differences in financial development, as well as a concrete manifestation of the economic imbalances between China and the United States:first, the financial differences are compared from three aspects including financial openness, financial structure, and financial efficiency; and then the current economic imbalance was analyzed from two aspects of trade and investment relationships of two country. The third chapter analyzes the effect mechanisms of the financial differences on the economic imbalance. According to the function of financial system which provide innovative capital for the production activities, this paper established a capital flow model of two country which contained innovative and ordinary capital, and then analyzes how the two kind of capital flows can cause economic imbalance when only exist financial differences between tow country. The forth chapter made a regression analysis with the empirical data of China and the United States during the period of1990-2010, test whether the observed empirical data support the theoretical analysis. Finally, based on above result, some policy suggestions are given about government adjustment of economic imbalances between China and the United States.On the basis of theoretic analysis and empirical research, we can make a conclusion that financial difference is an important factor affecting the economic imbalances between China and the United States. In order to keep the steady growth of China’s economic, the China-US economic imbalances can be adjusted from the perspective of adjustment of China’s financial development strategy.