Discuss The Profit From The Angle Of Capital Saving Labor And The Question Of The Capital Accumulation In China’s Agriculture

Capital and labor as two production elements play an important role in thedevelopment of economy. Marx said that there is a trend that the capital element cansave living labor in the process of production, and it also enhances the laborer’sproduction efficiency and shrinks the needed living labor of the production, whichtries to save the living labor that directly use. That is to say, putting in more capitalcan not only replace labor, but also make the needed working time decrease due to therise of productivity, which can save more labor.In theory, this paper discusses the real source of the profit in the premises ofcapital saving labor. We can infer that using constant capital can save more livinglabor from the neglected point of the labor value theory, which is the phenomenon thatequal capital gains equal profit in the process of the production of the same kind ofcommodity, which have different organic compositions of capital. Then the paperdemonstrates the theory of capital saving labor with three logics of argument. So inthe premise of capital saving labor, we should define the labor’s magnitude of valueas the labor input needed when the organic composition of capital is the lowest, theprofit not only comes from surplus value, but also roots in the extra surplus valueowing to labor-saving, and the profit has a positive relationship with the quantity ofcapital. Redefining the value of commodity gets rid of the influence of changing inorganic composition of capital, which can truly reflect commodity value, and thefinally conclusion also makes Ricardo’s system contradiction and Marx’s productionprices transformation problem solved.To explain the empirical problem of the deficiency capital accumulation inChinese agriculture economy, the paper also uses the logic of capital saving labor.And usually making a econometric analysis to agricultural economy by selecting twotypical provinces—Hei Longjiang and Hunan provinces, according to the results, wecan gain the conclusions as follows: the reason of the deficiency capital accumulationin the China’s agriculture are the great number of rural labor force, the small area ofcultivated land per capita possession, which make the effect of capital saving labor isnot obvious. So it also brings in the low level of agriculture output and the profitmargin of agriculture capital, all those will lead to the issues of the serious shortageof accumulation of capital in the agriculture field, further, the paper puts forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions according to the causes of the question.