| The importance of farmers, as the core of Chinese three-dimensional rural issues (concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers), has long been valued by the central governments. To solve the problem of farmer’s income is the first step to settle the problem of farmers.As a large agricultural nation, the rural population of China still owns a large proportion, the problem of farmers’income is still the big problem related to the people’s livelihood.Since2003,the central government has already issued nine "The first file",which all focus on the problem of rural area、 agriculture and farmer, and the "twelfth-five" plan of our country also points out in the second chapter that the primary task for the next five years is to increase farmers’income. Seen from the above, the study of issues concerning farmers’ income has both theoretical and practical significance.Sichuan province, located in southwest China, is a province with large population and big agriculture. Since the policy of reform and opening-up was adopted, Sichuan province has witnessed rapid economic development, with the per-capita net income of farmers is rising year by year. However, by a glimpse of the Sichuan Almanac of recent years, it is found that the increase rate of the per-capita net income of urban citizens exceeds far beyond that of rural people which rises relatively slowly, leaving a broadening urban-and-rural income disparity. Furthermore, farmers’income in Sichuan province is still low, compared with that in developed provinces or cities, like Shanghai city, Zhejiang province and Guangdong province. This is mainly induced by the slow growth of farmers’ income, on which many factors may have impacts, a major one being the rural financial development.The thesis first makes a review of the financial development of Sichuan province from the perspective of the influences of the rural financial development on farmers’income. With the development and improvement of the rural finance in recent years, the rural financial service system of Sichuan has also diversified, with policy finance (the Bank of Agricultural Development, Sichuan branch), commercial finance (all state-owned banks and joint-stock banks), cooperative banks (the rural credit cooperative of Sichuan province) and privately owned finance complementing and prompting each other. There are two notable characteristics:1) the categories of the rural financial institutions are diversified;2) the rural financial service expands around the province. At present, the existing diverse financial service system can basically satisfy the needs of the rural social and economic development.However, there are still some problems existing in the development of Sichuan’s rural finance including, among others, the structural imbalance of rural finance, the unsatisfactory rate of coverage and contentment of financial services, the severe outflow of capital, the overall worrying management status of the financial business related to agricultural and insufficient financial innovation. This thesis has set up the indicator system of rural finance development and the indicator of the average per-capita net income of farmers, adopting the data of rural finance development and average net income from Statistical Yearbook from1996to2010to conduct Grey Relational Analysis, Unit root tests, Cointegration test, and Granger Causality test. The results suggest that the average per-capita net income of farmers in Sichuan has a long-standing even Cointegration relationship with the scale of rural finance development, the efficiency of rural finance development, the ratio of rural credit, the level of rural investment and the ratio of non-farm employees. The efficiency of rural finance development is the Granger cause of the per-capita net income of farmers, the per-capita net income of farmers is the Granger cause of rural Financial Interrelation Ratio, the efficiency of rural finance development, the ratio of rural finance credit and the ratio of rural financial fixed assets investment. The ratio of rural non-farm employees is not the Granger cause of the per-capita net income of farmers, and vice versa. The results also show that the development of rural finance has great positive effects on the increase of farmers’income.Having affirmed the role that the rural financial development of Sichuan province plays in helping increase farmers’income, the thesis provides some policy suggestions on the further development of the rural finance of Sichuan province. Efforts should be made to construct, in accordance with the rules of economic development, a "circling-layering structure" instructing and planning system of the rural financial development from an all-round perspective, promoting the rural financial development of developed regions through market mechanism and that of underdeveloped regions under the guide of government. By completing the policy system of the rural financial service, enlarging the scale of the rural finance and accomplishing the whole country teaming with the rural finance, we strive to construct a reasonable rural financial structure at all respects, achieve the mutual collaboration and cooperation of financial institutions and further improve the encouraging and supporting policies of finance and tax. Further attempts are to be made to strengthen the creativity of the rural finance, improve and reinforce the achievements of the rural financial innovation and provide more financial products that suit the rural economic development and meet the needs of rural residents, with an ultimate goal to increase farmers’income through diverse channels. Furthermore, we should further promote the reform of the rural financial organizations, speed up in building diversified new rural financial organizations such as community banks on county level, increase the types of financial organizations that serve "three-dimensional rural issues" and finally increase farmers’income. On the one hand, we should intensify the reform of Rural Credit Cooperatives to bring the function of supporting the rural areas of the Bank of Agricultural Development’policy finance into full play, by establishing proper incentive and restraint mechanism to encourage commercial finance to return to rural markets. On the other hand, we should speed up the establishment of community bank, village bank, rural cooperative bank and other new pattern rural financial institutions to standardize and guide the development of non-formal rural finance and to bring competition mechanism to rural finance. The establishment of new pattern rural financial institutions may break monopoly of Rural Credit Cooperatives and agricultural banks and, by competing with them as dynamic and farmer stake taking financial institutions, drive them to change their service concepts, accelerate the reform and enlarge the financial investment to villages and towns so that the complete coverage of financial institutions in villages and towns can be realized. The introduction of competition mechanism will duly promote the overall rural financial institution systems to enhance their quality of service voluntarily, to improve financial products innovation, to increase support to farmers’financial business and to promote the integration of rural finance and urban finance. In addition, the relevant government should continue to perfect the supervision system of rural finance, improve the quality of capital, prevent operation risks, reinforce the financial investment of fixed assets to rural areas and transfer surplus labor in agriculture so as to progress human resource development and increase farmers’income from various angles. |
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