Integrated Assessment On Dust Storm Disaster In The Xilingol Based On GIS And RS

Sand disasters is considered as one of the serious ecological environmentproblems. At present it has been concerned and payed widespread attentionin china and even in the world. Sand disasters mainly includes the followingsandstorm activities: flying sand, sandstorms and the dust. In recent years,the dangers of sandstorm disasters in our country is getting worse and lossescontinue to rise with the global dry situation and unreasonable utilization ofwater and soil resource. That the most serious Desertification areas arelocated between the agriculture land and pastureland.Xilingol lies in the northern part of the China and the central part of InnerMongolia autonomous region, which is the ecological security barrier innorthern China, including HunShanDaKe sand which is located in thesouthern tip of the central Inner Mongolia’s Xilingol grassland. According tothe research, HunShanDaKe sand has become one of the main source of dustin Beijing.From the distribution of the sandstorm in China, this regionbelongs to the field which is easy to cause the sandstorm with strong windand its fragile environment.The region may become a high frequencyincidence area of sandstorm and even affect the ecological environment ofcapital Beijing, if the appropriate protections are not taken. Therefore thewind sand disaster in xilingol is of significant. In order to prevent andcontrol desertification disaster effectively, we must do some more researchon disaster causes system and do some scientific assessment of disaster risk.The research on Xilingol sandstorm is of great significant which influencesnot only in sustainable development of its society, economy and ecologicalenvironment but also in providing scientific theoretical basis for seriousdesertification and sandstorm disaster areas to take reasonable measure.The paper is based on natural disaster system theory and the theory ofregional disaster as well as RS and GIS technology. The integratedsandstorm disaster evaluation is done from the following three aspects, adisaster lurking environment, the disaster cause and carrier, by means ofInner Mongolia natural geographical environment factors basic datum, meteorological data of twenty nine weather stations in xilingol and itssurrounding areas and the statistical yearbook in2011, the weightedsynthesis method, the main analysis method and GIS spatial overlay analysismethod. And then the comprehensive evaluation of wind sand disaster inxilingol will be done and some reasonable measures can be put forwardaccording to the research results. Main conclusions are:1.The potential disaster environment sensitivity in The xilingol sanddisaster is gradually strengthen from the northeast to the southwest, thesouthern and back part are better than central part, while the western partis better than the eastern part.and this kind of character is in accord withtopography distribution and climate conditions. DongWuZhuMuQinQi andXiWuZhuMuQinQi lie in the best disaster preparedness environment. WhileSuNiTeYouQi and ErLianHot lie in the worst environment. Vegetation in theeastern region is mainly covered with forest vegetation, meadow steppe andtypical steppe vegetation affected by Daxinganling mountain andYinshanyumai mountain. The degree of the vegetation coverage is high, thesoil type is mainly consist of chernozem, meadow soil and chestnut soil withthe high level of wetland and better disaster preparedness environment. Thewest region lies in northeastern part of the Yinshanshanmai mountain, andthe Vegetation is mainly covered with desert grassland with low degree ofthe vegetation coverage and low resistance ability of soil erosion. the soil ismainly with brown soil and disaster preparedness environment is worst. Inaddition, being affected by HunShanDaKe sand, the degree of environmentsensitivitycity in ZhengLanQi, Zhengxiangbaiqi and Xianghuangqi is ratherhigh.2.Gradually,the degree of Sandstorm’s hazard factors increased fromnortheast to southwest in Xilingol, generally with the regularity of dry、lessrainfall、high temperature、multi-strong wind and high hazards in thewest.On the contrary with the increase of the rainfall, decreases of thetemperature and wind speed, the hazard factors wil be lower in the east. Theeffect of the hazard factors,of all region are minimum in DongWuzhumuqinqi, while maximum in Suniteqi.3.The area in which the load carrying capacity relating to sandstorm areweak in Xilingol is distributed in the southern area of fragile ecologicalenvironment, high population density and counties with farming and animalhusbandry.The load carrying capacity are lowest in Taipusiqi,lower inDuolunxian, moderater in Xianghuangqi、Xilinhaoteshi、Zhenglanqi andXiwuzhumuqinqi,highest in Sunitezuoqi and Erlianhaoteshi. On thewhole,the weakness of the load carrying capacity in Xilinguolemeng are,approximately,higher in the east and agricultural area,lower in the west andpastoral area4.On the basis of sensitivity degree of disaster preparedness environmentIn Xilingol and the risk of disaster cause as well as evaluation of thevulnerability of hazard-affected body, coordination degree of sandstormdisasters system and evaluation of sandstorm disaster will be worked out.The sustainable coordinate development coupling analysis theory andmethod can be applied into comprehensive evaluation of the sand disasterssystem so as to analyze combination among other subsystems and thecoupling degree of coordination and balance.The results as follows: sanddisaster system in Xilingol belongs to the coordination and the evencoordination area which takes55.5%of the total area of union-wide. Theuncoordinated area and the even uncoordinated area takes44.5%of the totalarea of union-wide. Apparently, the half of the land belongs touncoordinated area in sand disasters sub-system of Xinlingol. Therefore thegovernments and some relevant departments should pay more attention andtake some measures.At last, on the basis of comprehensive analysis of sanddisaster in xilingol, we can divide it into four level types and9sub-leveltypes, so as to analyze its characteristics of sandstorm disaster and thenput forward some appropriate measures.