The Application And Research Of UAV Aerial Photographic System In Surveying And Mapping Topographic Maps

The early UAV is mainly used for military activities after it produced in the1970s due to its unique technological advantage,which was gradually extended to the field of scientific research and civil.The combination of UAV and aerial photogrammetry as a new technology which is introduced to the field of aviation for Earth Observation mapping industry.Coupled with the introduction of the digital camera,the low-altitude UAV digital photography has become a new direction of development in the field of aerial photography.With the continuous development of new types of sensors and photogrammetry platforms in these years.The UAV digital aerial technology become a strong complement to traditional aerial photogrammetry means which has the significantly characteristics of flexible, economical, convenient and so on.The UAV got widespread attention from the field of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing when it showing the unique advantages durning acquiring data in the emergency and mapping the small area at low altitude.With the development and improvement of the low-altitude UAV photogrammetry technology, it was shown that UAV surveying and mapping large scale topographic map can satisfy the requirements of1:2000topographic maps in many projects.The GSD could meet regulatory standards when the UAV surveying and mapping1:500,1:1000topographic maps, but the elevation accuracy could not satisfy the regulatory requirements, the elevation accuracy is one of the key issue to be solved.As the research object of the existing UAV aerial system in this paper,it describes thedevelopment of UAV aerial system, current research situations, the relevant basic theory, methods of work processes, etc..Combine with the significant renovation project of "XingdiMubian" in Yunnan Province,it expounded UAV low altitude aerial process of draw1:2000topographic map technology in this thesis.Basing on the survey area actual aerial survey data of the town of Fazhanhe,departing from the influential various factors of the UAV aerial topographic map elevation accuracy, mainly including the following research. In the first,it is expand on the relationship between inclination of the aerial plane photograph and dimensional elevation,and draw a conclusion that the effort of longitudinal tilt to3D model elevation errors is a twisted parabolic surfaces in the direction of flight,however the lateral tilt is a paraboloid.In the second,it is scientific approach the relationship between the position of Digital camera CCD planar array and elevation,as a result of the study is that the short side of the Digital camera CCD planar array perpendicular to the route direction place will help improve the accuracy of the aerial elevation data which collected on computer.At last,it is introduce the effort of three different adjustment methods to aerial triangulation accuracy,especially the bundle adjustment method is the most rigorous.The system of DPGrid which is used in the project of "XingdiMubian"in Yunnan Province adopt the bundle adjustment method.Meanwhile,according to the actual operation of DPGrid system,it is shown that the shortcomings of the intelligent mosaic algorithm based on ant colony algorithm.And put forward some suggestions.In the paper,after explore the error sources which impact of UAV aerial topographic map accuracy,making the following suggestions:select the suitable weather to fly, enhancing the UAV attitude stability, increase the longitudinal overlap and side lap of the aerial photograph, adjusting the position of non-metric digital camera.In order to enhance and improve the accuracy of UAV aerial mapping elevation and provides a new way of thinking and reference.