The Study Of Remote Video Method In Nearshore Monitoring

Coastal, a buffer zone between land and marine, is a highly complex and diversesystems. Climate, wave, tidal，human activities all contribute to complex changes ofcoastal morphology and topography, have taken place in the different temporal andspatial scales. Due to the dynamic action of ocean,the earth’s tectonic evolution,geological and meteorological hazards, sea-level rise and human activities in thedevelopment and utilization of coastal zone, coastline occur series of changesincluding silting into the sea and land spatial location changes, such as land erosionand shoreline orientation, length of shoreline changes. Achieving different data oftemporal and spatial scales of coastal erosion and silting, shoreline changes andmigration, factors affect the coastal zone and topographic is important to analysis ofcoastal change, volume and direction of sediment transport, research, land-seainteraction mechanisms like monitoring the beach changes in engineering and marinemanagementAlthough technologies such as satellite remote sensing, aerial aircraft havebecome primary means of coastal monitoring, these methods have demerits such ashigh cost, low resolution, unable to be monitored in real time and to get informationon a near-shore in time. Compared to traditional methods such as surveying, remotesensing and aerial photography, video surveillance can record the coast changeinformation in real time and provide the necessary information in time for beachmanagers. At the same time, combining computer technology and advanced analysismethods of information can provide coastal management agencies effective technicalsupport.Based video monitoring technology in Beach environmental monitoring,observes Shilaoren Beach in Qingdao East as the monitored objects, then constructbeach imaging and image acquisition system, developed tourist beach--real-timemonitoring and quantitative analysis methods for Shilaoren beach. The observation started from May,2011, continuously capture the images of a600m length EasternShilaoren Beach every10minutes per day to form image sequences. Finally almostimages of Shilaoren Beach changes have been collected, which provide high temporaland spatial variation information of beach for beach monitoring.To solve problems like distortion oriented from optical lens and the descriptionof image for property party space coordinates, this thesis achieved a method of opticalparameter of calculation to correct optical distortion, which can be used to improvemeasurement precision. Making use ground control points and features of small holeimaging, we can establish model of relationship between points coordinates and spacecoordinates. Directly linear equations(DLT) is used to calibrate both inside andoutside parameter of camera,which can convert party space coordinates to imageproperty party space coordinates multiply. Due to position and the angle of the camerado not need to be taken into consideration, so the method can be put into use in manyapplications.To match environment features of monitoring beach and the diverse goals of thebeach video image analysis, unsupervised learning method based on cluster analysisalgorithm is used to automaticly recognise targets for segmentation of differentobjectivs. An automatic measurement, statistics and evaluation procedure isdeveloped to analyze changes on areas of Shilaoren Beach over a year to analyzeenteromorpha effects on beach. Thus the changes of enteromorpha area, the width ofthe beach, the beach area in each period can be obtained in real time. The resultsshowed that the minimum width of the beach was9m and a maximum width was129m; minimum area of the beach was18000m~2, and the beach had a maximum sizeof69000m~2. Beach area during the Typhoon was changed to33000m~2. In contrast tothe maximum area of a beach, Typhoon Beach areas had decreased52%. WhenEnteromorpha bloom is happened, the area was covered by Enteromorpha reacheed to27000m~2, which account36%of the whole observed area. It is demonstrated that theremote video monitoring method can be effect tool for coastal change detection and itcan provide beach managers with the necessary information. Furthermore, beach managers can take measures and make decisions in time to manage beaches better.