The Application Of Game Theory To Frequency Allocation

With the rapid growth of both technology and economic, wirelesscommunication technology is more and more developed and its customers isincreasing very fast. Spectrum can be said to be the core of wireless technology,but it is limited. Due to the fixed static type spectrum allocation method, a largeamount of spectrum utilization rate is very low. In the face of today’s mobilecommunication environment, the available spectrum resources are so graduallydecreasing fast that it is at the point of poverty. The effective way to solve thiskind of phenomenon is reasonable and efficient and flexible use of spectrumresources, which is also a challenging problem. Response to this phenomenon, theemergence of cognitive radio technology is inevitable. Spectrum allocation is oneof the important link of the technology, so using the dynamic allocation is a goodsolution for the tension made by a lot of waste of resources.For dynamic spectrum allocation, the guidance analysis of game theoryplays a very important role. This paper presents the relevant important theoriesand concepts of game theory and cognitive radio. For the application of gametheory in the spectrum allocation, the corresponding mathematical model ispresented. Using the game theory to analyse the cognitive radio models of oneprimary user with more than one secondary user and one secondary user with morethan one primary user respectively, correspondingly establish basic Cournot gamemodel for treating secondary user or primary user as participant.Considering analysis method of complete information static game andincomplete information dynamic game, further research the theory and theapplication of Cournot model to spectrum allocation algorithm. Here modelaccording to the actual situation, in order to make the distribution result moreaccord with the actual wireless communication applications. Make improvementsof Cournot model algorithm with the secondary users as the participants, mainlydefine the spectrum pricing function in the utility function meaningfully, found therelationship between Nash equilibrium and the parameters of the utility function inthe simulation.Game theory studies the competitive or conflicting problem, the behaviors of the participants in the problem influence each other. It is the key of using gametheory solving problems to decide what actions to take to achieve the optimization.Game theory has an excellent analysis ability for the competitive relationship ofspectrums among the users in cognitive radios. In order to realize the spectrumefficiency maximization as the ultimate goal, individual users making their owninterests as the utility function to seek the optimal solution. Game theory has atheoretical guidance for dynamic spectrum allocation of cognitive radio.