Research Of The Location And The Partition Of The Service Area Of The Earthquake Shelters

Earthquakes occur frequently in China, and it often bring various degree of casualties and economic losses to people who live in the earthquake region. What’s more, it is Unpredictable, so it is important that to estimate the affected areas of the earthquake, to analysis the evacuation path and to choose and allocate the shelters. And it is concern to the safety of the peoplewho evacuation from the buildings and the operations of the works of the evacuation and rescue.First, the estimate model of seismic influence field is build based on the earthquake intensity attenuation model and the GIS spatial analysis method in this paper. And the estimate model of seismic influence field has been implemented by C#and Arcengine groupware, and it isused to estimate the seismic influence field of the earthquake which happened in1976at Songpan Huanglong. The seismic influence field figure of Huanglong made by this model and made by local inquiry is made contrast and analysis. Result shows that the two figures are similarto each other in shape, and it can offer estimate of the seismic influence area and extent.Second, this paper researched the selection of earthquake shelters, built the model of earthquake shelters selection. in view of the mountainous countryside and the densely populated urban areas of population distribution characteristics and buildings, considering settlement distribution density, terrain, and earthquake active faults and other impact factors, the model of earthquake shelters selection was constructed. what’s more, the classification of shelters was researched, according to the People’s hierarchy of needs in different periods, the hierarchy classification of the shelters have been done, and it were classified to long-term and medium-term shelters, short-term shelter sand temporary shelters. And based on this model, the experiment ofshelters selection of Songpan has been done.At last, the methods of the service area division of the earthquake shelters were researched, and the method of service area division based on the Voronoi diagram was improved, and itwas used in the division of the service area division of the earthquake shelters. The method ofservice area division based on the Voronoi diagram is belong to the model of Location analysis based on the Geography spatial interaction theory, but this method is done based on the assume that Population distribution is even. this paper improve the method In order to solve thisproblem, analyzed In network basic unit, considered the uneven population distribution situation in reality and added constraint of each shelter seating capacity. The improved method was completed by C#and Arcengine groupware, and the service area division of the earthquake shelters was completed based on the method. Based on the study, the grading seismic shelters inYuexiu district of Guangzhou city services area generated experiment has been done, and theimproved method was checked, and the results shows that the method can satisfy the population density distribution service area division.