Taxonomic Analysis And Molecular Phylogeny Of Halophilic And Halotolerant Fungi

The fungi that can grow in vitro at3M salt concentrations (aw0.85) and that areregularly isolated from global environments at salinities above1.7M have been characterizedas halophilic (Gunde-Cimerman et al.2005), whereas the sporadic isolates that can grow invitro at3M NaCl are considered as halotolerant. Reports at present in China, in the high saltenvironment halotolerant fungi only2kinds and1kind of halophilic fungal, but it hasreported more than80kinds of salt-tolerant fungi in the world,6kinds of halophilic fungalpopulations. It has larger gap. Our country is rich in biological resources and halophilic salt-tolerant fungi species should be diverse, but halophilic salt-tolerant fungi are rarely reportedin China, this is unbecoming with our country’s position as a country of high biodiversity. Ithas very important significance to system and indepth study of qinghai-tibet plateau fungiresources in China, especially the halophilic species identification and clear salt-tolerant fungi,fungi diversity and the high salt environment system development.In this study, we had separated230soil samples, including qinghai lake10, QingHaiLake12, DaChaiDan25, XiaoChaiDan25, ChaErHan19, ChaErHan salt lake44, TianMenMountain9, HongQiqu26, ZhangJiaJie10, YanAn7and Qinghai-tibet Plateau43. There arenearly100soil samples without separation. During the separation and identification, Idescribe halophilic and halotolerant fungi36species, including2new species,1new recordspecies, respectively.During36kinds of halophilic and halotolerant fungi, Zygomycota had1, such as Mucorhiemalis. Ascomycota15, such as Eurotium amstelodami, Eurotium rubrum, Emericellanidulans, Petromyces alliaceus, Cephalosporium zonatum, Chaetomium cymbiform,Stachybotrys chartrum, Stachybotrys echinata, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Fusariumkyushuense, Fusarium proliferatum, Fusarium guttiforme, Epicoccum nigrum, Scopulariopsisbrevicaulis, Engyodontium album. Basidiomycota20, such as Botryotinia fuckeliana,Penicillium variabile, Penicillium chrysogenum, Penicillium lanosum, Penicillium paxilli,Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus versicolor, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillusfumigates, Aspergillus ustus, Scytalidium verrucaria, Alternaria clerodendri, Alternariatenuissima, Alternaria parvaqaidamensis, Monodictys qinghaiensis, Monodictys aershanensis,Embellisia chlamydospora, Ulocladium obovoideum, Epicoccum nigrum.Alternaria parvaqaidamensis and Monodictys qinghaiensis are new species;Engyodontium album is new record species. They are obviously different from other kinds ofconidium morphology and conidium morphology. Moreover, this strain of soil samples, collected from the qinghai-tibet plateau, have the remarkable particularity. In our country, ithas not yet been to do research of the diversity and classification to qinghai-tibet plateauenvironment such as salt salt lake salt lake fungi resources system. It has important scientificvalue for the project of fungi in qinghai-tibet plateau, especially halophilic and halotolerantfungi species’s distribution and diversity system indepth study.On the basis of morphological classification, it dose reserach of5.8S rDNA sequence-ITS molecular systematics for36kinds of salt-tolerant fungi, constructing phylogenetic trees,analysis of genetic relationship. The sequences of5.8S rDNA-ITS were more similar amongdifferent specieses in the same genus than among different genuses.