Quantum Nonlocality Distillation And Its Physical Implementation

As a sort of special theory, quantum mechanics has fantastic features. Since the1980s, along with the study of quantum mechanics, the success of a series of experiments in quantum information field demonstrates the importance of quantum correlation. Quantum correlation includes quantum entanglement and quantum nonlocality. Up to now, people have become clearer and clearer about quantum entanglement. But the quantum nonlocal correlation, which can eliminate the complexity of communication, is still far from being clear and needs further researches.Under the non-signaling theory, the nonlocal correlated boxs are proposed for simulating quantum nonlocal correlation, and different kinds of nonlocality distillation schemes are proposed in terms of boxes formulation. Most of the current existing nonlocal distillation schemes only work for bipartite nonlocal boxes, and whether the multipartite correlated boxes can be distilled or not, and whether the depth of the boxed affects the distillation efficiency or not become the focus of our research. So in this thesis, we will focus on the nonlocality distillation for multipartite nonlocal boxes under the non-signaling theory, and the physical realization of these nonlocality distillation schemes. The main work of this thesis is as follows:Firstly, the depth-3tripartite nonlocality distillation. Based on the existing bipartite depth-2nonlocality distillation schemes, we proposed a tripartite depth-3nonlocality distillation scheme, where the Svetlichny inequality is used to measure the tripartite nonlocality. Meanwhile we tried all the possible connection operations(Boolean operations) between boxes and found out the optimal one.Secondly, the physical implementation of multiphoton modulo2addition operation. Zu proposed a physical implementation of bipartite nonlocal distillation of quantum correlated boxes, and its results show that the modulo2addition operation between outputs of different boxes is the key element in nonlocality distillation. So, we proposed a new physical implementation scheme for two-photon modulo2addition operation, three-photon modulo2addition operation and multi-photon modulo2addition operation.Thirdly, the physical implementation of tripartite nonlocality distillation. With the multi-photon modulo2addition operation being realized, we designed the physical implementation scheme for tripartite nonlcality distillation in linear optical system.