Study On Water Conservation Function Of The Woodland Of Typical Vegetation In Liao River Basin Of Jilin Province

Based on investigation the status of vegetation types in Liao River Basin of Jilinprovince, this paper has used methods such as field sampling, laboratory experimentto research, poplar and pinus sylvestris are selected as the research objects, farmlandis selected for the control group. The combination of qualitative and quantitativeresearch methods is adopted to study the ecological effect of forest hydrology of thetypical vegetation types in Liao River Basin. The function of water conservation wasanalyzed comprehensively and evaluated by studying the water-holding capacity ofthe litter layer, water storage capacity and water permeability of soil of various foresttypes. At the same time, make a comparison to the function of water conservation ofthe different vegetation types in the area by using principal component analysismethod, in order to provide data support for the water conservation of Liao RiverBasin in Jilin province, and provide references for the vegetation restoration andwater and soil erosion control. The number of litter samples are10, and obtain30groups of experimental data; the number of the soil samples are39，and obtain56groups experimental data. The research results as follows:1、 The storage, water-holding capacity and water absorption rate of the litterlayer of different vegetation types of each are not identical. The water-holdingcapacity of litter layer shows better logarithmic function relation with the time ofsoaking in the water. The water absorption rate and immersion time in the water meetthe power function relationship, the fitting effect is good.2、 The soil natural moisture content, physical properties, maximum storagecapacity, effective storage capacity and soil infiltration rate of the different vegetationtypes are not identical, and the differences are obvious. The soil maximum storagecapacity and the total porosity of the various vegetation types along with the changeof soil depth are consistent, in the study of soil depth range, the total porosity andmaximum storage capacity all decreases with the increase of soil depth. And also the soil effective storage capacity and the non-capillary porosity changing with the depthof soil layer are the same. The soil effective storage capacity and the non-capillaryporosity of poplar and farmland all decrease with the increase of soil depth, and thepeak of pinus sylvestris in the soil layer thickness of10~20cm. Within the soil layerthickness of0~30cm, the order of the maximum storage capacity as follows: poplar(1394.21t·hm-2)> pinus sylvestris(1298.71t·hm-2)> farmland(1288.94t·hm-2), andthe order of effective storage capacity as follows: poplar (89.6t·hm-2)> pinussylvestris(74.2t·hm-2)>farmland(66.5t·hm-2). Soil infiltration rate and penetrationtime meet power function relationship, the fitting effect is good.3、Based on the comprehensive analysis of the research of forest vegetation typewater conservation ability, found the proportion of woodland soil layer of storagecapacity is larger, shows that the reservoir storage capacity of the soil is stronger, isthe body of the function of water conservation.4、Principal component analysis was applied to comprehensive evaluation of theability of water conservation of the various vegetation types’ woodland, the order ofwater conservation as follows: poplar>pinus sylvestris>farmland.