Fluorescence Collection Efficiency And Resolution In Diamond Solid-State Quantum Computation

As the Shor’s algorithm and Grover’s algorithm are proposed in the Middle period of1990s, quantum computation is drawing more and more attentions. Both practical and theoretical research continues, and many different candidates are being pursued for physically implementing a quantum computer. Among them, Diamond-based quantum computer, which use the electronic or nuclear spin of Nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond as qubits, are more favorable because it can be initialized and read out by laser, easily manipulated in room temperature and has nice coherence properties.However, the high refractive index of diamond makes the photon-collecting efficiency is low in experiments. Using the designed solid immersion lens(SIL) the collecting efficiency can be improved dramatically, which would reduce the experimental time and the corresponding fluctuations from external environments.Multi-qubit quantum logical gate operation and the precisely image of different qubits are big challenges for conventional confocal microscopy. The Stimulated Emission Depletion (STED) and Ground State Depletion (GSD) and other super resolution microscopy provide different ways to image two nearby NV centers, which is very useful to build large scale quantum computers based on NV centers in diamond.This thesis focuses on the calculations of the photon collection efficiency in NV center-based ODMR experiments and introduces some super resolution microscopy on NV center systems. The thesis is organized as five chapters. In Chapter Ⅰ, we introduce the backgrounds of the recent research. In Chapter Ⅱ, the NV center systems are present in details. Chapter Ⅲ shows the calculations of the photon collection efficiency in Confocal microscopy. Chapter Ⅳ introduce the combination of the STED, GSD and the NV centers. Chapter V is the conclusion and outlook.