| Most of the Coastal land was reclamation by beach with the high salt content and sealing of soil and soil depletion. It caused adverse consequences. The substance transportation was difficult. It was not advantageous to plants growth and development. It was a new method to construction of Wetland Park and development of ecological tourism for sustainable using and low carbonization management on this new land. Chongming Dongtan Wetland Park was founded based on this background. The department of the park planted different trees, shrubs, grasses during the construction according to the salinization of soil and the effect of landscape and plant diversity. In order to investigate the adaptability of different trees, shrubs, grasses to saline alkali soil in coastal reclamation area, we choiced four kinds of trees(Robinia pseudoacacia Linn.、Photinia serrulata Lindl.var.serrulata、Ligustrum lucidum Ait.、 Sabina komarovii(Florin)Cheng et W.T.Wang; five kinds of shrubs(Nerium indicum Mill.、Bambusa multiplex (Lour.) Raeuschel ex J.A.et J.H.Schult.、Hibiscus syriacus Linn.、Cassia sophera Linn.、Amorpha fruticosa Linn.); three kinds of garsses(Medicago sativa Linn.、Viciasepium Linn.、 Trifolium repens L.). In order to evaluation the adaptability of those plants to saline alkali soil in coastal reclamation area from the view of the leaf photosynthetic characteristics and growth. The results showed that:(1)The results of the trees’s leaf photosynthetic ability showed that:The order of Pmax was Robinia pseudoacacia Linn., Photinia serrulata Lindl.var.serrulata, Ligustrum lucidum Ait., Sabina komarovii(Florin)Cheng et W.T.Wang; the order of LSP was Robinia pseudoacacia Linn., Photinia serrulata Lindl.var.serrulata, Sabina komarovii(Florin)Cheng et W.T.Wang, Ligustrum lucidum Ait.; the order of LCP was Ligustrum lucidum Ait., Sabina komarovii(Florin)Cheng et W.T.Wang, Robinia pseudoacacia Linn., Photinia serrulata Lindl.var.serrulata; the order of AQY was Robinia pseudoacacia Linn., Photinia serrulata Lindl.var.serrulata, Ligustrum lucidum Ait., Sabina komarovii(Florin)Cheng et W.T.Wang. Among the five tree species, Robinia pseudoacacia Linn.had the highest Pmax (21.28μmol·m-2·s-1),AQY (0.049μmolCO2·μmol-1) and LSP (2031.OOpmol·m-2·s-1),but the lower LCP(13.60μmol·m-2·s-). Our results suggested that:in terms of leaf photosynthesis, Robinia pseudoacacia Linn.was the tree species that was better adaptable to the saline alkali soil in coastal reclamation area.The results of the trees growth showed that:the order of height growth in testing time was Robinia pseudoacacia Linn., Photinia serrulata Lindl.var.serrulata,, Sabina komarovii(Florin)Cheng et W.T.Wang Ligustrum lucidum Ait.; the order of crown width growth in testing time was Robinia pseudoacacia Linn., Photinia serrulata Lindl.var.serrulata, Ligustrum lucidum Ait., Sabina komarovii(Florin)Cheng et W.T.Wang; the order of leaf area index was Robinia pseudoacacia Linn., Photinia serrulata Lindl.var.serrulata, Ligustrum lucidum Ait., Sabina komarovii(Florin)Cheng et W.T.Wang; Robinia pseudoacacia Linn. had the maximum height growth in testing time(0.718m), crown width growth in testing time(2.064m)and leaf area index(11.45). Photinia serrulata Lindl.var.serrulata. was smaller than Robinia pseudoacacia Linn.. Photinia serrulata Lindl.var.serrulata.’s height growth in testing time was0.508m; its crown width growth in testing was1.855m; its leaf area index was8.34.(2) The results of the shrubs’s leaf photosynthetic ability showed that:The order of Pmax was Amorpha fruticosa Linn., Cassia sophera Linn., Nerium indicum Mill., Hibiscus syriacus Linn., Bambusa multiplex (Lour.) Raeuschel ex J.A.et J.H.Schult; the order of LSP was Amorpha fruticosa Linn., Cassia sophera Linn., Hibiscus syriacus Linn., Nerium indicum Mill., Bambusa multiplex (Lour.) Raeuschel ex J.A.et J.H.Schult.; the order of LCP was Hibiscus syriacus Linn., Cassia sophera Linn., Nerium indicum Mill., Bambusa multiplex (Lour.) Raeuschel ex J.A.et J.H.Schult., Amorpha fruticosa Linn.; the order of AQY was Amorpha fruticosa Linn., Cassia sophera Linn., Nerium indicum Mill., Hibiscus syriacus Linn., Bambusa multiplex(Lour.)Raeuschel ex J.A.et J.H.Schult.; the order of Tr was Cassia sophera Linn., Amorpha fruticosa Linn., Hibiscus syriacus Linn.,Nerium indicum Mill., Bambusa multiplex(Lour.)Raeuschel ex J.A.et J.H.Schult.; the order of WUE was Amorpha fruticosa Linn., Nerium indicum Mill., Bambusa multiplex (Lour.) Raeuschel ex J.A.et J.H.Schult., Hibiscus syriacus Linn., Cassia sophera Linn.. Among the five shrub species, Amorpha fruticosa Linn. had the highest Pmax (20.92μmol·m-2·s-1),AQY (0.048μmolCO2·μmol-1) and LSP (1980.67μmol·m-2·s-1),but the lowest LCP(2.95μmol·m-2·s-1).in addition, Amorpha fruticosa Linn. had the highest WUE (10.58μmol·mol-1) and a lower Tr (1.86mmol·m-2·s-1) among the five shrub species. Our results suggested that:in terms of leaf photosynthesis, Amorpha fruticosa Linn. was the shrub species that was better adaptable to the saline alkali soil in coastal reclamation area.The results of the shrubs growth showed that:the order of height growth in testing time was Bambusa multiplex (Lour.) Raeuschel ex J.A.et J.H.Schult., Hibiscus syriacus Linn.,Nerium indicum Mill., Amorpha fruticosa Linn.,Cassia sophera Linn. The order of crown width growth in testing time and leaf area index were the same as the order of height growth in testing time. Bambusa multiplex (Lour.) Raeuschel ex J.A.et J.H.Schult. and Hibiscus syriacus Linn.Nerium indicum Mill.’s growth in shrub-grass configuration mode didn’t have significant difference. But they had significant different with Amorpha fruticosa Linn.and Cassia sophera Linn.’s growth those were shrub communities (P<0.05)(3) The results of the grass’s growth showed that:Among the three grass species, the order of the aboveground biomass and leaf area index both were Trifolium repens L., Medicago sativa Linn.,Viciasepium Linn.. Trifolium repens L. has the maximum aboveground biomass (43.3g)and the maximum leaf area index (9.919). The aboveground biomass and leaf area index of Medicago sativa Linn.and Viciasepium Linn. were smaller than Trifolium repens L’s.And Medicago sativa Linn.and Viciasepium Linn. had significant different with Trifolium repens L’s. Our results suggest that:in terms of herb’s growth, Trifolium repens L. was the herb species that was better adaptable to the saline alkali soil in coastal reclamation area.To conclude, Robinia pseudoacacia Linn. was the tree species that was better adaptable to the saline alkali soil in coastal reclamation area; Amorpha fruticosa Linn. was the shrub species that was better adaptable to the saline alkali soil in coastal reclamation area; Trifolium repens L. was the herb species that was better adaptable to the saline alkali soil in coastal reclamation area.Our results can provide scientific basis for Greening project of reasonable selection of trees, shrubs, grasses to configure communities and quantifying the carbon sequestration potential of these plant communities in coastal reclamation area. |
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