| To search for the anti-predation strategy of roe deer (Capreolus pygargus) and the relation between the predator and prey, this thesis presents a study on the habitat and home-range use under predation risk from Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) at Saihanwula Nature Reserve frome March2012to December2013. This study combined with activity signs of Eurasian lynx and roe deer spatial utilization using GlS(Geographic Information System) to analyze anti-predator adaptation strategies. The aim of the study is to provide basic information for the restoration and management of roe deer population. The main results were as follows:1. Eighty-two lynx traces were found in Zhenggou core area and Wangfengou core area in the year of2012-2013. At the death point where five radio tracked roe deer were found, among them3deer were preyed by lynx which were confirmed by the infrared cameras and lynx tracks in winter snow, which accounting for60%of the total death. The roe deer was likely preyed by the lynx, so it was living in the high predation risk in this reserve.2. The annual home rang size of the5radio tracked deer showed as following orders by using the method of95%MCP in2012:C3, sub male individual(1522.20hm2)> C4, juvenile female individual(565.12hm2)> C6, adult male individual^19.73hm2)> C5, juvenile male individual(380.49hm2)> C8, adult male individual160.69hm2). The annual home range area order in2013was as follows: C4individual (911.10hm2)> C8individual(598.96hm2)> C6(258.63hm2). It showed that different individuals adjusted their home ranges with their growth period, at the same time it was also limited by environmental resources and predation risk.3. By using chi-square test, the telemetried roe deer individuals existed significant differences with seasonal changes in home ranges. The home range in95%MCP of C3deer in winter of2012was maximum (1005.75hm2) while the home range of C3in summer of2012was the minimum (25.76hm2)(x2=103.976, df=5, P=0.000). The home ranges of C6individual in different seasons in2012were winter (382.00hm2)> spring (108.83hm2)> summer (55.62hm2)> autumn (36.84hm2)(x2=134.368, df=5, P=0.000), and C8individual home range area in different seasons in2013were winter (598.96hm2)> spring (379.86hm2)> summer (245.11hm2)> autumn (188.73hm2)(x2=59.62, df=5, P=0.000). It was associated with poor quality of food in spring and winter when the deer need to expand the feeding scope. It had a small range in autumn when the main activities have relationship with reproductive courtship behavior.4. At the patch scale and microhabitat scales where lacking of food resources and worst in hidden conditions, the roe deer choosed the Larix forest less, but it had high selection on the birch, Mongolian oak forest, mixed forest of birch and ostryopsis. These results showed the food resources and concealment condition had important influence on roe deer habitat selection. |
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