Study On Early Warning Method Of Groundwater Source Areas In Coastal Areas

Groundwater source area is an important choice of water supply to urban living, industry, agriculture and the production of water demand. Groundwater resource plays a pivotal role in promoting social and economic development of a region. However, groundwater problems are still serious, especially the problem of irrational exploitation of groundwater. Over-exploitation of groundwater will cause some environmental geological problems, such as decline decline of groundwater levels, deterioration of water quality, the formation of the cone of depression, ground subsidence and collapse, etc., which not only have tremendous negative impacts on the socio-economy and daily life, but also become serious threats to mankind’s eco-environment to survive. Coastal areas of Shandong Province are the core areas of economic development, but the deteriorative water problems have become prominent restricting factors to local development. With the promotion and implementation of the most stringent water management system, it is important to pay attention to the supervision and management in terms of exploitation of groundwater resources. It is beneficial to conduct scientific early warning to groundwater source areas, which can promote sustainable utilization of groundwater resources, because it can bring synergetic development between social-economic system and groundwater resource system.This paper studies on the early warning theory and method of groundwater level based on a lot of reference literatures and current results. It also presents the methods to determine the alert lines of groundwater level in the early warning period of three months and non-flood seasons. Finally it applies these methods to Fenghe River groundwater source area in Jiaonan City which is one of the most stringent water management demonstration areas. It is of very instructive significance to the groundwater resource management.The main contents are as follows:(1) Introduction. This chapter elaborates the background of early warning research of groundwater source areas, pointing out the purpose and significance of the study, the history and status quo at home and abroad of it, main research methods and technical route.(2) Study areas overview. This chapter introduces the overview of natural geography and groundwater resources in coastal areas of Shandong Province. Besides, it highlights the overview of Jiaonan city in four aspects of physical geography, hydrometeorology, hydrogeology and characteristics of groundwater source areas.(3) Study on prediction model of groundwater level. This chapter applies method of multivariate regression to analyze the relationship among groundwater recharge, exploitation and the water level variation, considering the impact of effective precipitation, which lays a foundation on the prediction model of groundwater level based on water level variation. Besides, it makes an analysis about the physical meanings of main variables of the model.(4) Methods to determine alert lines of groundwater level and basic early warning management theory. This chapter introduces some basic concepts such as basic level, groundwater early warning, early warning period, point early warning, process early warning, early warning in static status, early warning in dynamic status etc. It also presents the methods to determine the alert lines of groundwater level in the early warning period of three months and non-flood seasons.(5) Study of early warning method on groundwater levels. This chapter mainly presents the theory and methods of groundwater early warning in the early warning period of three months and non-flood seasons. In terms of early warning period of three months, it gives the method of point early warning in static status and in dynamic status as well as the management principle of point early warning in dynamic status. On another hand, when in terms of early warning period of non-flood seasons, it presents methods of point early warning and process early warning in dynamic status. It puts forward the method to determine alert lines and management principles of point early warning in dynamic status and it also proposes the method to determine the dynamic alert lines and dynamic exploitation of process early warning in dynamic status.(6) Application in the demonstration area. This chapter applies the methods of groundwater early warning to Fenghe River groundwater source area in Jiaonan City in the early warning period of three months and non-flood seasons in order to determine alert lines and conduct early warning management.(7) Conclusions and suggestions. This chapter summaries some main conclusions of this paper and it also makes a few suggestions on early warning and management of groundwater source areas.