Research On Esterification Reaction With Novel Carbonized Glycerol-based P-toluenesulfonic Acid To Catalyze Waste Oil

With the development of society, global fossil resources are depleted, and theresearch of clean and renewable green energy has become booming all over the world.Biodiesel has drawn much attention of world as an environment-friendly diesel fuelinstead of petroleum diesel. However, the main problem to develop biodiesel is its highcost. Therefore, it is so important to find a kind of raw materials which is inexpensiveand available for the industrial production. With regards to the situation of China, wasteoil, waste fried oil and waste animal fats have become the raw materials to producebio-diesel. But, the characteristic of the corresponding high acid oil value has limitedthe application of many catalysts. This thesis aims to find a new efficient solid acidcatalyst for the two-step process preparation of biodiesel and the preparation of dieseladditives triacetin by glycerol, to make it appropriate to the free fatty acid (FFA) contentof the feedstock oil catalytic etherification process.Firstly, based on the research of preparation methods and characteristics of usingp-toluenesulfonic acid catalyst, this thesis optimizes the corresponding preparationconditions for this catalyst. And the esterification reaction ability to obtain optimumpreparation conditions is also studied. The optimization condition is obtained when theratio of glycerol and p-toluenesulfonic acid mass is1:2, and the experimental reactiontemperature is260℃.Secondly, this thesis analyzes the optimization of preparation conditions for thesulfonated glycerol catalytic esterification reaction, studies reuse of this catalystperformance, and finds the optimal result for the reaction condition when the ratio ofoleic acid to methanol molar is1:10, the catalyst amount for the quality of oleic acid is10%, the reaction temperature is68℃, and the reaction time is4h. Under the optimalreaction condition, the ratio of oleic acid esterification reaches98.18%.Thirdly, this thesis studies the physical pretreatment method for the waste oil,optimizes reaction condition of the waste oil and methanol esterification, researchescatalysts reuse capability, finally gets optimization condition for esterification reactionwhen the ratio of trench oil to methanol molar is1:16, amount of catalyst for waste oilis15%, the reaction temperature is68℃, and reaction time is4h. Under the optimalreaction conditions, the waste oil esterification rate reaches98.24%.Eventually, through using glycerin and acetic acid to synthetic diesel fuel additiveand optimizing esterification reaction condition, this thesis gets the optimal reactioncondition when the value for the ratio of glycerol and glacial acetic acid molar, amountof catalyst, reaction temperature, reaction time and toluene dosage is set as1:6,30%, 110℃,4h, and30mL, respectively.