Synthesis And Properties Of Alkyl Polyglucosides

The study of this dissertation is mainly about Alkyl polyglucosides(APG)—a greennonionic surfactant.APG was synthesized with glucose and dodecanol as raw materials, and the optimumsynthesis condition was explored using orthogonal experiment in order to maximize the finalproduct yield. Then the experiment was magnified by10times so as to afford someexperimental basis for the industrial production. The optimum reaction conditions are asfollow: the temperature is105℃; the molar ratio for glucose and dodecanol is1:5; thequantity of catalytic agent is1.2%; the quantity of phosphoric acid is1%; the vacuum of thereaction is4KPa; the reaction lasts five and a half hours. Under this condition, the sideproduct is minimal and the yield is above99%. The quality of the product reaches the firstdegree after extraction and bleach.Further purified the product with column chromatography and Alkyl monoglucoside wasobtained. The products were characterized by IR, MS. The surface tension curves of theproducts were measured using drop volume method at different temperatures, and thethermodynamic parameters of surface adsorption and micellization were calculated. Theresults illustrate that the impact of temperature on Alkyl monoglucoside ia far greater thanthat on Alkyl polyglucoside, and the process of surface adsorption and micellization are alldriven by entropy, and Alkyl polyglucoside is much easier to adsorb at air/water interface.The application properties of Alkyl polyglucosides were investigated with commercialsample as a contrast. The results show that the properties of Alkyl polyglucosides are superiorto those of commercial sample.Surface tension, fluorescence, zeta potential, dynamic light scattering and viscositymeasurements have been used to investigate the properties of binary surfactant system ofAlkyl polyglycosides and α-sulphonated fatty acid methyl ester (MES). Through surfacetension measurements, critical micelle concentration (cmc) of the mixture for different mixingmole fractions was determined and the molecule interaction parameters β and B have beencalculated; the micelle aggregation numbers (Nagg), the zeta potential (ζ) values and thehydrodynamic radius (Rh) of the binary surfactant system were also investigated; theviscosities (η) of the mixtures and the impact of sodium chloride were also explored. Then weapplied this binary surfactant system to modify the surface of the materials. The resultsillustrate the existence of synergism in the binary surfactants system and the modifiedmaterial shows great hydrophobicity.