| Penaeus vannamei, also known as Litopenaeus vannamei, is one of the recognized improved and cultured variety in the world. In recent year, it has become the main shrimp variety in China. Litopenaeus vannamei proeesssd waste is mainly from the freshwater Litopenaeus vannamei which is processed the remainder of the head and shell..It main contains a lot of chitin, protein, unsaturated fatty acid, astaxanthin, mineral substance and so on. These account for about40%-45%of Litopenaeus vannamei weight, resulting in enormous waste of resources and environmental pollution.there is significantly important of energy effciency and environmental pressure release on recycling these materials. In this paper, Litopenaeus vannamei proeessed waste is utilized for nutrients extraetion of research and development, a new way will be created for green and higher value of Litopenaeus vannamei development.The main factors of fermentation on Litopenaeus vannamei waste were fermentation time, fermentation temperature and solid-liquid ratio through Plackett-Burman experimental design,the order which affected degree of hydrolysis in fermentation system was:fermentation time>fermentation temperature>solid-liquid ratio using response surface experiments, optimum conditions were:fermentation temperature40℃, the fermentation time48h, solid-liquid ratio1:2.5, in these conditions, the average value of degree of hydrolysis was24.42%, the actual validate value was very close with the theoretical prediction (24.38%), indicating that the technological conditions getting from response surface methodology had strong reliability.Six experiment groups were designed with shrimp shell fermentation liquid and soybean as raw materials according to several factors affecting fermentation effect, fermentation effect of different treatment groups were compared by measuring the range of indicators,the results showed that:fermented soybean meal (compound protein powder) compared with raw meal, the former had wine, sensory good, strong acid flavor, trypsin inhibitor and phytic acid content decreased significantly (P<0.05), soluble protein, free amino acid, peptide content increased significantly (P<0.05), protein content increased significantly (P<0.05), illustrated that nutritional value of oybean meal had been greatly improved by mixed fermentation. The fifth experimental group was the best in the experimental groups, fermentation parameters of the group:fermented liquor pH value was6.5, added the non-sterilized soybean meal, solid-liquid ratio was1:1.8, yeast inoculation quantity was15%of soybean meal quality,10%glucose of soybean meal quality was added after12h fermentation, fermentation temperature was35℃, fermentation time was48h.The chitin was prepduced from shrimp shell by solid-liquid separation for shrimp shell fermentation liquid. It was white or light yellow as flake, the recovery rate was91.53%. The degree of deacetylation of chitosan could reach more than95%with three times deacetylation, the chitosan was close to colourless and translucent as flake, the chitosan was degraded by acetic acid-hydrogen peroxide reaction system, and it’s average molecular weight was determined by Gel chromatography(5200Da).This study was performed to add chitooligosaccharides (0.05‰,0.1‰,0.2‰and0.4%o) to the feeds of Eriocheir sinensis in the form of diet pellets for28days.The immune response was determined the effects of chitooligosaccharides of Eriocheir sinensis by measuring the range of immunology indexes of blood after14and28days of feeding.The results demonstrated that chitooligosaccharides could improve the activity of respiratory burst, serum phenoloxidase, superoxide dismutase, lysozyme and catalase significantly (P<0.05), and thus it could increase immunoprotection rate of river crab. The best supplementation was0.2%o.A8-week feeding trial was conducted by adding chitooligosaccharides to the feed of Litopenaeus vannamei with four gradients. The results showed that chitooligosaccharides could improve the growth of L.vannamei obviously, enhance activity of polyphenoloxidase, superoxide dismutase, nitricoxide synthase and respiratory burst significantly(P<0.05), thus chitooligosaccharides could increase survival rate of L.vannamei,the best addition dosage was3‰. |
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