The Design And Synthesis Of Indolium Cyanine Dyes And Investigation Of Their Spectral Properties

Fluorescent probe is easy to use and does not need very complicated instruments.Owing to its the very high space-time resolution, fluorescent probes have broadlybeen applicated in biological research, chemical and medical research. So far,chemists have invented a lot of fluorescent probes based on the different dyes, yetmost of fluorescent probes with its absorption peak and emission peak in the visiblelight region. In this region, the probes have strong fluorescence background signal,which make it hard to use in the imaging of organization and in living animals.However, probes with absorption peak and emission peak in near infrared region(650-900nm) can solve this problem very well. Although some near-infraredfluorescent probes have been developed, there is far difficult to satisfy thedevelopment of biomedicine. Therefore, designing high-selectivity andhigh-sensitivity near-infrared fluorescent probe is necessary. At present, most of thenear-infrared fluorescent probes are constructed by using indocyanine dyes,rhodamine analogues, BODIPY, squaricacid, and other near infrared dye. Thesedyes have some defects in application and are not good for biological research, so thedesign of new near-infrared dye is also a research hotspot. In this article, we designfour near-infrared fluorescent dyes and fluorescent probe, and test its preliminaryapplication.In Chapter I, this article summarizes the development of near-infraredfluorescent dyes and its applications in biology molecular markers and fluorescentprobes designed applications in recent years. In Chapter II, a series of indoliumtricarbocyanine dyes have been designed and synthesized. Its photophysicalproperties and solvent effect have also been investigated. Indolium tricarbocyaninederivatives are often used to build a series of fluorescent dyes. The dyes are widelyused in fluorescence labeling, chemical sensors, optical system, and light therapy,mainly because indolium tricarbocyanine derivatives not only have the good physicaland chemical properties, but also have high extinction coefficient and very good lightstability. In this chapter, by using the reaction of indolium tricarbocyanine dyes withdifferent nucleophilic reagent, it is intended to get a series of fluorescent dyes. Thereis a good reason to believe that these new indolium tricarbocyanine derivatives will beapplied in the field of biological and chemical analysis and will provide a new wayfor the development of new dyes and application. In Chapter III, a new type of ratio NIR-Cu fluorescent probe has been designedbased on indolium tricarbocyanine derivatives fluorescent dyes. The probe has itsabsorption spectrum and emission spectrum in the far-red and near infrared region,and has a good selectivity and high sensitivity for copper ion. In chapterⅣ, by usinghydroxyl protective reaction, a near-infrared fluorescent palladium ions have beendesigned based on the tunable hydroxyl group. This near infrared fluorescent dye withtunable hydroxyl group has its emission and absorption in the near infrared region.The fluorescence enhancement ratio of this probe amazingly reached43times. Theprobe also has good selectivity and high sensitivity and has been used in palladiumions fluorescence imaging in living cells.