Preparation And Characterization Of Calcium Carbonate And Oxide Nanostructures

Inorganic nano-materials show outstanding physical and chemical properties, which havebeen widely used in many fields, such as optics, electronics, mechanical force, catalysis, sensorsand biologe. For example, the morphology of nanometer calcium carbonate has importantinfluence on biomineralization, and the morphology of oxide nanomaterials directly affects theperformance and application. At present, calcium carbonate and metal oxide inorganicnanometer materials can’t realize controlling the preparation of morphology, which preventmaximizing the use of its property to prepare the functional nanomaterials. Therefore,significantly the functional properties and morphology of nanomaterials require to be improved.In recent years, it has an important significance for the research and development of inorganicnanomaterials through using different preparation methods and modification agent, the designand preparation of functional nano material. Especially the structure, morphology and size ofinorganic nanomaterials have an important influence on its function, so effective control of thesefactors is becoming a hot spot of nanomaterials research.There are different experiments designed in this thesis, through regulation and explorationof a variety of experimental conditions, to achieve regulation and synthesis of nanostructuredinorganic functional materials. By changing the factors such as reaction time and temperature,the ratio of reactants, it has been successful prepared various morphologies of different systems,such as calcium carbonate and metal oxide nanostructures. In this paper the main researchcontent is summarized as follows:1. With micro gel as a template, using the inverse microemulsion method, by changing theconcentration of the polymer in micro-gel and different reaction medium, reaction time, whichhas prepared calcium carbonate in several different structures: hexahedral structure, ellipsoidalstructure and structure, etc. Due to the carbonyl of Ca2+ions attract role in acrylic more stronglythan acrylamide, more able to provide nucleation sites, conducive to mineralization. So with the increase of acrylic, calcite phase content increased. The experimental results show that calciteand the vaterite in the growth process is a competitive relationship, calcite is composed of nanoflake, and vaterite is composed of nano ball.2. Surface molecular regulation of carbonation method was used with amino acid added tothe system, the carbide for organic matter in the induction, study and compare the amino acidside chains with different charge regulation of calcium carbonate crystals, in the negativelycharged acidic amino acids of carboxyl and calcium ions to form crystal nucleation templatepromoted the growth of the ball graupel, neutral amino acid under the condition of pH=7withoutcharge generated mostly growth calcite crystals, basic amino acid in solution with a positivecharge, all generating calcite crystals.By changing the reaction conditions, such as kinds ofamino acids, quality, pH and time, you can get a series of different morphology, structure andmorphology of calcium carbonate nanostructures, respectively prepared the flower, elliptic balland rod and various morphology of calcium carbonate nanoparticles.3. Using the method of surface molecular control of hydrothermal, respectively prepared thetwo oxide nanostructures of alpha Fe2O3and CuO. The experimental results show that withFeCl3as raw material, the hydrothermal synthesis of alpha Fe2O3capsule structure, by changingthe proportion of the phosphate solution, which can synthesize alpha Fe2O3nano ring. Using lowtemperature hydrothermal synthesis method, and under the condition of the surfactant CTABexists, we have prepared a large amount of sub-micron spurs star copper oxide powder. In theprocess of preparation, the surfactant CTAB play a key role on the formation spiny shape starcopper oxide, at the same time combine the hydration synthetic methods for using surfactantCTAB regulation of other transition metal oxides with different morphology provides a possibleway.