Appropriate Harvest Of Above-ground Part And Fertilizer Utilization Technology Of Typha Angustifolia

Phragmites australis and Typha angustifolia are frequently-used species for removing N,P in constructed wetland ecosystems, but if a wide variety of plant residues are not harvested timely, they will contaminate water and cause the deterioration of water quality. Appropriate harves period and resource utilization of wetland plants is the key to scientific managementof constructed wetlands.By field investigation and laboratory analysis, seasonal dynamics of aboveground biomass, as well as N, P content and N, P storage of Phragmites australis and Typha angustifolia under single harvest per year mode were investigated, dynamics of aboveground N, P storage of Typha angustifolia under mowing more than once a year mode were determined, the differences between single harvest per year mode and mowing more than once a year mode of Typha angustifolia were compared.Under single harvest per year mode, the N,P storage of Phragmites australis reached the peak (22.23g·m-2and1.85g·m-2) in August, while those of Typha angustifolial reached the peak (21.83g·m-2and1.85g·m-2) in September; the N, P storage of Phragmites australis and Typha angustifolia mainly depended on their biomass. Compared to mowing more than once a year mode, single harvest in September per year mode was not only more suitable for harvest management of Typha angustifolia, but also could maximum play to Typha angustifolia’s talents of removing N,P in wetland.The effects of C/N, moisture content, microbial inoculum on aerobic composting of Typha angustifolia were discussed by orthogonal experiment, a comprehensive assessment on ripe composting was given accroding to many indexes.The results showed that the sequence of every factor for composting temperature was moisture content, C/N, microbial inoculum; the influence of every factor on GI follows the sequence:C/N, moisture content, microbial inoculum; the three factors affecting total fertilizer effeciency of compost in a descending order as: moisture content, microbial inoculum and C/N. The influence of every factor on composting temperature, GI and total fertilizer effeciency were considered together, the results were evaluated by comprehensive scoring method,the study results showed that the sequence of every factor for aerobic composting of Typha angustifolia was microbial inoculum, moisture content, C/N;and it could effectively promote the composting quality when C/N was adjusted to25, moisture content at the level of60%,and added enzyme microorganism.In this work,potted tests were performed to explore the effects of different substrate amendment on tailings substrate properties and growing development of Vicia faba Linn., through the comprehensive evaluation indexes,The main research conclusions were as follows:(1)A11the other substrate amendment treatments accelerated growing development of Vicia faba Linn.,the heavy metal content of tailings substrate and the avaiable heavy metal content of tailings substrate except that treatment Ⅹ produced inhibition on the avaiable heavy metal content of tailings substrate.(2)All the other substrate amendment treatments produced inhibition on the heavy metal content of tailings substrate and the heavy metal content of Vicia faba Linn, except that treatment Ⅶ accelerated the heavy metal content of Vicia faba Linn. and treatment Ⅶ, Ⅸ accelerated the heavy metal content of tailings substrate.(3)Compost treatment Ⅶ was effective in promoting nutrient content of tailings substrate and, nutrient content of tailings substrate of treatment Ⅳ and treatmentⅨ increased slightly compared with CK, nutrient content of tailings substrate of treatment Ⅱ slightly less than CK,the influence of the other treatments was insignificant.(4) The effcts of substrate amendment on growing development of Vicia faba Linn. and tailings substrate properties were considered together, the improvement effect of compost treatment Ⅰand Ⅲ were the best.In this work,field experiments were performed to explore the effects of organic fertilizer amendment on coal mine reclamation land substrate properties and growing development of herbage, through the comprehensive evaluation indexes,the results showed that:all compost treatments could promote the growth of herbage, the plant height growth rate could reach6.44%,and Fv/Fm, aboveground biomass,the content of total C, the content of total N, the content of total P increased103.82%,243.08%,19.04%,51.08%,381.04%,60.61%respectively. The heavy metal content of herbage were less than the national level of the heavy metal content, which meeted the security evaluation criteria.There was significant difference in soil nutrients of testing zone through organic fertilizer amendment, the soil content of total N growth rate could reach32.42%,and ammoniacal nitrogen, nitric nitrogen,total P, effective phosphorus, total K, available potassium increased24.07%,121.97%,29.68%,138.36%,11.14%,36.47%respectively. The effcts of manure-amended coal mine reclamation land on growth of Medicago sativa Linn. and Euchlaena mexicana Schrad. and substrate properties were considered together, the improvement effect of compost treatment Ⅲ was the best,and Euchlaena mexicana Schrad. was more adaptive than Medicago sativa Linn..