Ecological Health Research Based On Wletland Landscape Pattern

As people pay attention to wetlands increasingly, the depth and breadth of wetland research are constantly increasing. Wetlands are very valuable on earth, it’s an indispensable natural resources. scientific and rigorous evaluation of ecosystems wetland contained is very necessary.The investigation object of this paper is Dongting Lake wetland. An assessment index system of region ecosystem health was established based on the theory of vigor-organization-resilience(VOR) proposed by Rapport, theory of the ecosystem health and landscape ecology, applied with the landscape pattern index, considering the regional productivity, land resources, vegetation, population, social economic status, pollution status.The comprehensive assessment model was applied to evaluate the ecosystem health of Dongting Lake of the year1993,2000,2011. The main results were as follows:(1)Due to the impact of natural and anthropogenic disturbances in the past20years in comparison dramatic changes in Dongting Lake wetland landscape pattern occurred. Lake landscape patch number of12,306from1993to14,124in2000, to15,726in2011, while the density of the plaque also on the rise, three years were0.46,0.54,0.60, this shows that the degree of fragmentation in the Lake District landscape increase; Lakes degree in landscape heterogeneity increases, in particular in:Landscape diversity is increasing and three years respectively1.59,1.63,1.80, evenness index also showed upward trend. The spread of the index showed a downward trend, respectively18.77,15.42,13.14; landscape shapes become more complex:three Lakes landscape shape index were54.30,59.34,62.73, upward trend. Various types of wetland landscape has also changed accordingly, eventually forming a lake existing landscape pattern.(2) Dongting Lake area in1993wetland ecosystem health evaluation integrated value6.61, belonging to two healthy2000comprehensive evaluation is0.48, for the three sub-health, to the2011comprehensive evaluation value dropped to0.39, are four unhealthy, indicating that Lake wetland ecosystem health was deteriorating, the urgent need to strengthen wetland protection and management.