Microscopic Analysis Of2:17Type SmCo Permanent Magnetic Material

2:17-type SmCo permanent magnet materials, which has outstanding temperaturestability and excellent magnetic property, is an irreplaceable permanent magnet materialin the field of aerospace, deep geological exploration and modern military weaponsbecause it meets the requirement of maintaining higher performance stability in largetemperature changes. With the higher requirements for the temperature stability andmagnetic performance of high temperature permanent magnet, more and more stringentrequirements were needed in the controlling of process conditions. And the resultingproduct performance consistency reducing became an urgent problem.In response to these issues, the microscopic analysis method for this material wasstudied and improved at first. Then, the microscopic analysis was carried out on thealloy ingots, the aging process and the blank after the aging treatment in the materialproduction process. The main content of the research work and the achievement are asfollows:(1) The research on the effect to energy spectrum analysis (EDS) results by themagnetism of specimen. For the issue of the unavoidable weak remanence in thismaterial will affect the EDS result, the yttrium aluminum garnet samples with weakerremanence and the determined magnetic field was used for the EDS experimentalresearch. The error causes of results and the rules of effect were summarized andtheoretical discussed. These results of the research play a good role in guiding for theanalysis worker.(2) The research on the best methods of sampling, sample preparation andmetallographic figure imaging for this material. For the ingot was hard and easy tocrush, the method was designed.to achieve the small size and evenly spaced samplingFor the issues of the too fast corrosion and the unclear precipitated phrase, the bestetchant formulations and corrosion conditions for all of this kind of material wereinvestigated. For the issues of the poor depth of field, the unclear level and the vaguemetallurgical information of the traditional metallurgical microscope, the electronmicroscopy imaging technique was investigated to find a best characterization of the sample.(3) The research on the metallurgical distribution of the alloy ingot. Thedisc-shaped and bullet-shaped ingot were comprehensively sampled, the distributionuniformity of its composition and metallographic were analyzed, and the defects werealso analyzed. The composition and distribution of the precipitated phase wereconfirmed. The rules of crystallization and the reason of defect formation in the ingotwere confirmed. And the differences between the two kinds of ingot were explained.(4) The Studies on the microstructure changes in the aging process. The rules ofmaterial microstructure influenced by the different aging temperature and time wereresearched. The completing process of precipitation hardening of the material wasobserved, and confirmed this process represented the completion of the aging treatment.And the best aging treatment conditions were confirmed.(5) The research on the uniformity of the rough after aging treatment. For the issueof three different directions in the production process, the density of rough wasresearched by the Archimedes drainage method. The microscopic morphology of threedirections were also analyzed, the respective characteristics and the uniformity of roughwere confirmed.According the above work, the SmCo permanent microscopic analysis method wasenriched, and the microscopic morphology of the high-performance sample in variousproduction processes was characterized clearly. This provided not only the importantbasis of process conditions control to improve the consistency of performance, but alsothe important reference for the further study and improvement of the material.