Risk Analysis And Zoning Of Highway Flood Disasters

Flood disaster is one of the most common natural disasters, which with high frequency,large size, heavy losses, etc. Highway as the artificial buildings in nature, when the floodoccurs, it will be affected, leading to road water logging. According to highways departmentstatistics, in recent years, our country road water logging losses are more than10billion Yuan.Therefore, evaluate and zone the highway flood disaster risk, grasp the risk degree of spacedistribution features, provide guidance for the planning, design, construction and operation ofhighway construction management, it has the vital significance of highway disasterprevention and mitigation.In summary analysis of flood disasters and road flood damage at home and abroad, onthe basis of research and risk evaluation, combined with the flood characteristics and roadhighway engineering field investigation, analyzed the various road flood damage formationmechanism and influencing factors, summed up the road flood damage type, and to determinethe highway flood disasters in the study of classification. In accordance with the principle ofrisk assessment and method, established the evaluation model, selected the evaluation factorsand indicators, used geographic information system (GIS) technology platform, formed roadhazard zoning maps of flood, eventually completed the road flood damage riskregionalization research work. The main results were as follows:(1) Based on long-term investigations and summarizations on highway flood damage,combined with the causes and mechanism analysis of flood, the highway flood disaster typeswere divided into mountains’ flood disasters and plains’ flood disasters: the mountainous areahighway along the river floods, flood disasters in the mountainous area road side slope, flooddisasters in the plains.(2) Summarized researches of the risk evaluation, flood disasters and highway flooddisasters at home and abroad, defined the risk, risk analysis, risk analysis of flood disastersand risk analysis of highway flood disasters, determined using the cause and landformanalysis in the risk analysis methods, to pick up risk factors and the corresponding indicatorsfrom the subsequently environmental. Established the risk assessment model by using thefuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. Use expert investigation method to determine theindex weight, with the help of GIS technology platform, various factors index for riskanalysis.(3) Summarized the basic principles and methods of regionalization research, Withtop-down and bottom-up method combining the natural divisions for zoning of guiding ideology, took dominant symbol method to extract main indicators affecting flood disasterrisk, and classificated the risk of leading indicators. Using figure cascade method, divide dmultiple single index layers superimposed analysis, and ultimately determined the partitionboundary.(4) Selected rainfall, topography, rock and soil type, vegetation, river network fivefactors as the risk factors of highway flood damage, and analyzed the various factors. Therisk evaluation indexes of flood disasters along the river in the mountainous area were annualtorrential rain days, surface cutting density, drainage density; the flood disaster riskassessment indicators for mountainous area road side slope were annual torrential rain days,mountainous terrain slope, rock and soil type, vegetation coverage; the plains road flooddamage risk evaluation indexes were annual torrential rain days, the investigation on theterrain slope, drainage density. In mountains and plains road divides, selected the topographyand relative height100meters as demarcation index, terrain slope20degrees as auxiliaryindex.(5) Analyzed, classificated and mapped the various indicators in GIS platform.Synthesized risk maps of the three types of disasters. And the highway flood disasters’ risk ofcomprehensive evaluation was formed.The thesis put forward the highway flood disaster risk assessment and zoning methods.These methods have many advantages, such as strong operability, easy to use, economicaland practical, advanced, etc. And the methods have received the recognition from the expertsin the field of road flood damage assessment. This is of certain guidance and referencesignificance for road flood damage prevention.