Research On The Climate Adaptability Of Traditional Residence In Tibet Nyingchi Area

The Nyingchi region of Southeast Tibet belong to administrative divisions of Tibet level. Houses have the strong regional characteristics that is different from other parts of Tibet, because of the effects of climate and topography. A lot of adaptation to the local natural conditions, climate and topography construction method is worthy studying. Road traffic opening from Lhasa to Nyingchi and advance of Tibet housing projects, result to great change of Nyingchi. as the building area of Guangdong, Fujian and other provinces, It is quite common for many modern architecture has also appeared in the bayi towns of Nyingchi, which make The traditional architectural culture shocked. Exactly, There is no reason to blame local residents who want to improve living standard. However, because the level of understanding is insufficient, local residents are unaware of the traditional residence is treasure. Therefore, the focus of this paper is to discuss construction structure that is climate adaptive.In June,2012, We went to Nyingchi to launch investigation, researching a large number of local houses, villages and new countryside. We selected and tested two typical cases on thermal environment in Summer in Zhangmai village which contains traditional house and new Tibetan house. With the assistance of two graduate students, we completed data sorting, the wind speed,temperature,humidity,illumination and other thermal parameters,included. Through the comparison and analysis of summer physical characteristics between traditional houses and modern residence, this paper analyses and evaluates the indoor thermal comfort in Summer, and extracts the Eco experience of traditional buildings in coping with Summer climate experience.This paper launches the research mainly from the following three aspects:First of all, we should elaborate district adaptability of Nyingchi traditional residence, including climate adaptability, geographic adaptability and construction materials and structural adaptability. By contrast with the other regional residence in Tibet, outstanding unique geographical features of Nyingchi residence. Secondly, on the basis of methods of quantitative analysis and computer simulation, we compare the advantages and disadvantages between traditional houses and modern houses in climate adaptation strategy. Finally, in view of district adaptability, we find the Eco experience of traditional buildings and some way of structure needs to be improved, personal point is put forward to solve the problems existed.On the basis of summary domestic and foreign theory of building thermal environment, data show that the thermal stability of peripheral structure of traditional dwellings, using400～800mm adobe wall or stone masonry, is better than using200mm concrete block of modern residence. At the same time, With the construction of Nyingchi new rural area, Tibetan new residence now become mainstream residence. This folk form should not only use for reference Eco experience of traditional buildings, but also need to identify existing problems; thickening of the wall (such as370mm aerated concrete block and the insulating layer) for insulation in winter; the traditional wood ground is more suitable for local climate characteristics; make full use of local rich solar energy resources, considering the residence itself into a set of solar energy circulation system, improve the living environment of Tibetan new folk.