Research On Microgrid Modeling And Optimal Distribution Plan Of It’s Load

Over the past50years, the primary energy used by humans are mainly by oil, natural gas, coal and other fossil fuels. In the long term, the economy based on fossil fuels can not meet the needs of sustainable development, then people need to make the transformation of energy consumption’s structure as soon as possible, and make as much use of the hydropower, solar, wind, biomass and other renewable energy sources as possible. Microgrid system can integrates the distributed generation, energy storage devices, control system and load, and it will be the major operationg mode of the distributed generation. The initial reasearch made in the microgrid is the modeling and simulation technology of the microgird system., and the reasearch can provide an indispensable research platform and validation tool for further exploration of the deeper theory. In this paper, a modeling is built for each distributed generation, and use the actual data of related projects to analysis and simulate. The main contents are as follows:(1) A Savonius wind turbine simulation model is established by using Matlab soft, and then use the permanent magnet synchronous generator module build a wind turbine, which is used to study the output voltage cueve by changing thd conditions of wind speed and air density, and verifies that the output voltage is mainly affectey by wind speed and wind blade ratio of the internal institution parameters.(2) A PV simulation model is built in the way of engineering application method. This thesis analyzes the PV’s I-U and P-U curve which is under different conditions, analyzes and designs a DC-DC boost converter and PWM control module, uses a S-Function module to build a MPPT model which is based on different algorthms, such as incremental conductance algorthm, disturbance observing algorithm and improved perturbation and observation algorithm, gives a off-grid simulation model and a single-phase grid-connected simulation model, analyzes the results of different MPPT algorithm, proves the argument that the output voltage of an PV array can play a stabilizing role when it is connected with a large power system, and proves the argument that the MPPT can track the maximum power.(3) This thesis makes an overview of the basic concepts and the basic characteristics of the lead-acid battery, introduces the battery’s charging control method and its equivalent circuit model, and build a simulation model of photovoltaic -storage energy system.(4) The optimization objective function is specified as the total operating costs of the Microgrid, which includes the fuel costs, maintenance costs and emission costs. Considering the influence of natural conditions, the wind turbines and photovoltaic array always work at the max power point, and the cost of electricity both are low, almost having no greenhouse gas emissions, so they are designed to provide active power firstly. The thesis specifies the diesel geneator, micro-gas turbine and feel cell’s active power as the parameters of the optimization objective function, explore the optimization solution process by using the adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithm and adaptive genetic algorithm, and analyzes the advantages and disadvangages of these two algorithms.