Study On The Impact Of Fertilization And Irrigation On Rice Spike Developping Abnormality

Paddy rice in Anhui Province plants area was about2,310thousand ha2and the riceyield was15.8billion kg.The rice cultivation areas and yield was about33.3%and47.1%in the food plants area with total yield in Anhui Province.But in recent years, theemergence of serious phenomenon of rice spike developping abnormality which has resultin serious cuts or even rice crops has seriously dampened the enthusiasm of rice farmers inJianghuai Hilly Land. At the same time to bring greater economic losses of farmers,seriously affecting agricultural development in Anhui Province. The study focuses on thephenomenon of rice spike developping abnormality, according to the different growthstages of rice required for nutritional characteristics, and demand characteristics ofdifferent water, Organic-mineral Compound Fertilizer and scientific fertilization andirrigation experiment with different programs was designed in Yingshang, Shouxian,Dingyuan Yongkang and Xisa. and west by the town plot experiment and field test ofcomparison of its region of the impactrice in the phenomenon of spike developpingabnormality. The results show that：Through the treatment of Organic-mineral Compound Fertilizer and scientificfertilization （plot experiment） on the phenomenon of significantly inhibited, cansignificantly reduce the rate of rice spike developping abnormality. Compared with thetreatment of CCF+cf（treatment of Common Complex Fertilizer and conventionalfertilization）, the incidence of rice spike developping abnormality of treatment OCF+sf（treatment of Organic-mineral Compound Fertilizer and scientific fertilization） reduced by26.9%-39.7%at Yingshang, Shouxian, Dingyuan Yong Kang and Xisa experimental areas.Compared with treatment CK the incidence of rice spike developping abnormality oftreatment OCF+sf and CCF+cf respectively decreased by53.0%-64.9%,14.3%-31.8%, thedifference reached1%extremely significant level.And the incidence of rice spikedevelopping abnormality of treatment OCF+sf was the most significant reduction inYingshang, Dingyuan Yongkang which were34.8%,34.7%,and compared with treatmentCCF+cf the difference reached1%significant level.Compared with no fertilization treatment CK the rice plant height,ear length offertilization test area （treatment CCF+cf, treatment OCF+sf） were significant difference inYingshang, Shouxian, Dingyuan Yongkang and Xisa, and compared to CCF+cf rice paniclelength difference of OCF+sf reached1%significant level; the test area CCF+cf treatment,OCF+sf treatment compared with CK treatment, OCF+sf compared with CCF+cf the number of rice tillers differences were significant1%level. And OCF+sf to deal withCCF+cf treatment compared to the number of effective tillers of rice increased by12.1-60.9a/m2.The number of rice grains of treatment OCF+sf were197.6-221.9grains/ear inYingshang, Dingyuan Yongkang and Xisa，compared with treatment CCF+cf and CKextremely significant difference. The plot experiment in four regions of rice seed OCF+sf66.3%-88.7%rate, with the CCF+cf, compared handling and CK levels were highlysignificant differences, and OCF+sf setting rate of rice and the CCF+cf handle an increaseof39.9%in Dingyuan Yongkang. Compared with the CCF+cf deal OCF+sf yield increaseof rice yield was43.8%-66.6%, which OCF+sf most obvious effect of rice yield inYingshang, OCF+sf of rice yield and treatment CCF+cf and CK than the differences werehighly significant. That Organic-mineral Compound Fertilizer and scientific fertilizationeffect in terms of rice yield increase is extremely significant.A higher incidence of rice spike developping abnormality of treatment CCF+cfrespectively were41.5%,51.9%,41.2%and43.8%in comparison test field of Yingshang，Shouxian, Dingyuan Yongkang and Xisa，while treatment OCF+sf respectively were10.8%,22.4%,13.0%and15.1%, compared with treatment CCF+cf decreased by28.2%-30.7%. compared with treatment CCF+cf rice grains per panicle of treatment OCF+sfincrease by13.1-48.3, and rice grains per panicle of Shouxian，Yingshang increased moreobvious.Rice grain weight of treatment OCF+sf than the test area CCF+cf handling pilotarea increased0.6-12g, and the most obvious increase in rice grain weight in DingyuanYongkang; OCF+sf processing tests were significantly higher than in rice production dealCCF+cf pilot area yield, and OCF+sf obvious effect of rice yield, respectively, than theCCF+cf processing yield67.3%,53.1%in Yingshang, Shouxian.Different irrigation of rice spike developping abnormality is the difference betweenthe incidence of significant, and its phenomenon of rice spike developping abnormality to acertain extent. Among them, incidence of rice spike developping abnormality of treatmentwet-shallow–intermittent flooding irrigation was13.7%, compared with the other threetreatments respectively reduced5.97%,4.07%,2.47%, the difference was significant at1%level; incidence of rice spike developping abnormality of treatment controlled moistcondition irrigation was16.17%, compared with treatment CK and light irrigation reducedby3.50%,1.60%, the difference was significant at5%; but the incidence of rice spikedevelopping abnormality of light irrigation was17.77%, compared to treatment CK,decreased by1.90%,the difference was significant at1%level. Rice panicle, grains per panicle, seed setting rate and yield of treatment lightirrigation were178.35×10⁴ha^-2,143.36grains/ear,67.44%and4.50t, relative to treatmentCK, controlled moist condition irrigation and wet-shallow–intermittent flooding irrigationwas the lowest, treatment was significantly different; where humid irrigation of rice paniclethan treatment wetting intermittent irrigation of low0.337×10⁴ha^-2, significant differences,other different irrigation treatments of rice grains per panicle, seed setting rate and yielddifferences were significant. CK relatively shallow water irrigation per hectare of riceproduction cuts2.39t serious about production cuts; relative to CK treatment, humidirrigation of rice yield per hectare is about1.16t, rice yield per hectare ofwet-shallow–intermittent flooding irrigation is about1.74t.