Study On Resource Investigation And Quality Evaluation Of Licorice

Licorice was one of large comprehensive medicine herbs, and played an important role in the protection of the Ecological Environment. In the past years, wildlife resources of licorice declined sharply, so great efforts had to make to promote the application of cultivated licorice. In this paper several problems about ecological environment and plant communities were analyzed and researched by a lot of outdoors work, field cultivation test and active component of licorice. And the biology characteristics and the medicine quality of licorice were researched systematically. The results were as follows:The investigation on the wild liquorice resources:Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch:G. Fisch also called datoucao was widely distributed in69Counties in Xinjiang. West licorice was distributed in Hexi prefectures in Gansu Province, all the land of Ningxia and the middle and western Inner Mongolia. East licorice was distributed in eastern Inner Mongolia, northern Hebei Province, western area of Jilin and Heilungkiang, northwestward area of Liaoning. This research investigated the Hulun Buir League in Inner-Mongolia and found the G. Fisch. G. inflata Batal was mainly distributed in Jiuquan city in Gansu province, Dunhuang, Plata Watershed of South Xinjiang Province. Glycyrrhiza glabra was mainly distributed in Aksu of South Xinjiang Province etc.The wild liquorice resources were distributed from79°03′E to125°08′E, from37°53′N to48°16′N.The elevation was ranging from126m to1782m.The investigation studied the wild liquorice resources in Wuchuan county Hohhot city. The highest elevation was1782m, which was different from other researches.The highest level content of glycyrrhizic acid was G. Batal.(8.3%), the lowest level content of glycyrrhizic acid was from Daan City of Jilin Province (0.8%). About94%of G. Fisch. can be up to the2%of pharmacopoeia standard. About95%of G. Batal. can be up to the2%of pharmacopoeia standard. The highest level content of iquiritin was G. Fisch from Inner Mongol(4.2%), and then was the wild licorice in West licorice districts, the lowest level content of liquiritin was Guanzhou city of Gansu Province(0.03%). About98%of G. Fisch. can be up to the0.5%of pharmacopoeia standard. G. Batal. About34%of G. Batal. can be up to the pharmacopoeia standard.Three kinds of licorice were planted in one planting standard:The diameter of the root head, the diameter of the root end and the fresh weight of G. inflate is the highest. The root equality of G. uralensis is the best. The glycyrrhizic acid content of G. inflate is the highest. The liquiritin content of G. uralensis is the highest. The ratio of glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritin content of G. uralensis meet Pharmacopoeia standard is the highest. Conclution:G. inflate can be planted for glycyrrhizic acid extraction. G. uralensis can be planted for traditional Chinese medicine.The licorice from different areas were planted in one planting standard:The tallest plants were NO.24in2010; The heaviest plants were NO.16in2010; The best comprehensive performance plants were NO.24, NO.34, NO.54. The tallest plants were NO.26and NO.29in2011; The heaviest plants were NO.29in2011; The most number of leaves were NO.29, NO.54; The maximum fresh weight of the plants were NO.26, NO.53, NO.54; The best comprehensive performance plants were NO.23, NO.26, NO.28, NO.29, NO.30, NO.53and NO.55. And NO.53, NO.55had the best comprehensive performance in the two years.The licorice of NO.32had the longest stem and root in2010; The licorice of NO.55had the largest diameter, and had the the best comprehensive performance. The licorice of NO.54had the longest stem and root in2011; The licorice of NO.55had the largest diameter, and NO.23, NO.53had the the best comprehensive performance. NO.54and NO.55had the best comprehensive performance in the two years.The highest content of oxalic acid of licorice were NO.16and NO.53in2010; The highest content of oxalic acid of licorice were NO.16, NO.28and NO.30in2011. The highest content of Liquiritin of licorice were NO.16, NO.24, NO.29, NO.33and NO.53in2010; The highest content of Liquiritin of licorice were NO.16, NO.23NO.28and NO.30.To conclude, the wild resource of West licorice had the larger area, and had better biological characteristics, also had better medicine property. So the Ural licorice were suitable for planting at Minqin city in Gansu, and NO.53was the best specie planting at Minqin city.