Effect Of Biochar Amendment On Soil Properties,Corn Growth And Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Rain-Fed Dry Land Under Different Fertilization Mode

Biochar is a solid matter which generated by biomass pyrolysis under the oxygen deficit condition, which has characteristics of refractory, stability, highly aromatic and carbon-rich. Biochar has become a hotspot of sciences for its potential beneficial effects to environment and ecosystem in recent years. This study, with two fertilization management modes (traditional fertilization (Trad) and controllable fertilization (Cont), which was carried out in Xinzhou City, Shanxi Province, observed the carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) emissions from corn farmland soil by using the static-chamber/gas chromatoraphy technique, and studied the influence of biochar amendment on soil properties, crop growth and greenhouse gases(GHG) emission under different fertilization management modes, and discussed the improvement effect of biochar and different measures for the reduction of greenhouse gas emission.. The main results were described as follows:1. Biochar had influence on soil physicochemical properties under different fertilization management modes. Biochar can significantly improved soil water holding capacity and soil nutrient content and reduced soil bulk density in treatment of40t/hm2(C2). Compared to the treatments without biochar (CO), SOC, total nitrogen and available phosphorus were increased by48.0%～102.1%,9.9%～12.9%,22.6%～44.9%in treatments applying biochar at20t/hm2and40t/hm2under traditional fertilization mode, respectively. SOC, total nitrogen and available phosphorus were increased by33.6%～89.5%,4.2%～13.2%,98.6%-104.9%in soil amended with biochar at20t/hm2and40t/hm2compared to the treatments without biochar under controllable fertilization mode, respectively, Applying biochar had no significant effects on available nitrogen under different fertilization modes.2. The corn height, ear height and1000-grain weight at mature stage had an increased trend duing to biochar application. Corn yield were increased by33.6%-89.5%,4.2%-13.2%,98.6%～104.9%in soil amended with biochar at20t/hm2and40t/hm2, which compared to the treatments without biochar under traditional and controllable fertilization mode, respectively. Further analysis showed that corn grain yield was restricted by soil available phosphorus.3. N2O emission can significantly reduced by using biochar and controllable fertilization mode. Total N2O emission were decreased by34.35%and37.95%in soil amended with biochar at20t/hm2and40t/hm2compared to the treatments without biochar under traditional fertilization mode, respectively. N2O emission was reduced by biochar application under controllable fertilization mode. N2O emission of controllable fertilization significantly decreased70.4%, which compared to traditional fertilization under the treatments without biochar.4. Using biochar treatment and controllable fertilization mode can significantly reduced GWP and GHGI. The global warming potential (GWP) and greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) were decreased by34.83%～39.51%and40.07%-45.39%in soil amended with biochar at20t/hm2and40t/hm2, which compared to the treatments without biochar under traditional fertilization mode, respectively. GWP and GHGI were reduced duing to biochar application under. GWP and GHGI of controllable fertilization significantly decreased70.38%and73.91%compared to traditional fertilization under the treatments without biochar, respectively. The results showed that controllable fertilization mode can reduce greenhouse gas emission, and can be regarded as one of the measures for the reduction of greenhouse gas emission in corn field.