| Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIAV) infecting equids is a lentivirus of the Retrovirus familywith the linear positive single-strand RNA. It causes a persistent infection characterized by recurringfebrile episodes associating viremia, fever, anemia, hydroncus and thrombocytopenia. The naturalprocess of the occurrence and development of EIAV depends upon the virulence, the environment (thestress state such as work) and the individual characteristics of animals. One of the important features ofthe infection is the formation of the latent infection in most of the infected animals finally. At present,the research on the infection mechanism of EIAV focuses on the genomics, virulence and immunity,namely analyzing the gene components and mutations and the level and properties of the immuneresponse using methods of the reverse genetics and immunological tests, which has achieved importantimprovements. The host cell’s response to the virus infection is one of the factors that determine theinfectivity and virulence of virus, and the differential protein expression level in cells before and afterbeing infected with virus could be used as an significant means to research the interaction between thehost cells and virus. Nevertheless there isn’t any report associating with the proteomic of cells infectedwith EIAV.Proteomics derived from the combination of protein and genomics indicates the whole expressedproteins of a certain genome, which include all the proteins expressed in a kind of cell or a certaincreature. The involvements of proteins in the physiological and pathological processes could beillustrated accurately to some extent to be applied to the research on the physiological and pathologicalfunction, disease diagnosis and the selection of drug targets through research on the whole proteins in acertain species, individual, organ, tissue or cell including studying on the expression level, theposttranslational modifications, the localization in cells and the interactions of proteins. The differentialproteomics, as one branch of the proteomics, could explain the physiological and pathologicalmechanism of cells through figuring out various factors causing the difference of the protein expression.And it can monitor dynamically the metabolism regulation in vivo by contrasting and analyzing theprotein expression profiles in different situations or between similar species, which would further revealthe nature of the response of the organism to the environment variation in vivo and in vitro and could bewidely used among the proteomics techniques.To investigate the interaction between equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) and the host equinemonocyte-derived macrophages (eMDM), the differentially expressed proteins in eMDM infected withan EIAV pathogenic strain EIAVDLV34were analyzed. Total proteins were extracted from cells infectedfor48h and the differentially expressed proteins were screened by using2-D acrylamide gelelectrophoresis. Cell extracts from mock-infected eMDM were used as the control. Total19differentially expressed proteins (ratio>1.4, p<0.05) in EIAV-infected eMDM were found, among whichseven were up-regulated and12were down-regulated. All these19differentially expressed proteins wereidentified by examining with tandem mass spectrum. In addition, these proteins were analyzed for GeneOntology of potential functions and possible interactions using several bioinformatics methods. The mRNA levels of five functionally important differentially expressed proteins were further confirmed byquantitative real-time PCR. Then the protein OAS1associating with antiviral effect was selected and thegene knock down was performed to observe the replication level variance of EIAV in the host cells. Theresults indicated that the replication capacity was significantly enhanced, which revealed that OAS1could restrict EIAV replication. This study provided important information for further investigation ofthe interaction between EIAV and its target cells. |
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