Study On The Change Analysis Of The Photosynthesis Characteristics And The Existing Problems In The Grape Production Under The Facilities Condition

The experiment was carried out in the grape under the facilities condition of Tachengarea from May to September in2012, LI-6400xt portable photosynthesis system was used toanalyze the photosynthesis characteristics of leaves in different parts of Flame and summerblack seedless grapes with different canopy structures. Comparative analysis were made ofdiurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate(Pn) and other photosynthetic parameters indifferent parts of grape leaves, the variation of Pn with the change of grape phenophase andthe influences of environmental factors on photosynthesis, by determining the photosyntheticparameters of living plant in the field. Fruit quality and leaves chlorophyll content of the samespecies with different leaves canopy structure were also made comparative analysis. Problemsaroused in production process were summarized, and many suggestions and improvementmeasures were put forward, aimed to provide a theoretical basis for grape cultivation andmanagement of actual production under the facilities condition.1. The light distribution of two grape cultivars under different leaves canopy structure underthe facilities condition was no significant differences: The light distribution between upperand lower leaves of Frey with U-leaves canopy structure had significant differences, while thedifferences of V-leaves canopy structure was not significant. The light distribution of upperleaves of Summer Black U-leaves canopy structure was no significant difference with lowerleaves. However, the light distribution of upper leaves of the two species under two leavescanopy structure was higher than that of lower leaves, and light absorption conditions of theupper leaves was better than the lower ones.2. Seasonal change rules of Pn of the grape under the facilities condition: seasonal variation ofPn in different leaf positions of the two grape cultivars presented a single-peak curve, berryenlargement period (late May)﹥color turning period (early June)﹥mature period (earlyJuly). The diurnal variation of Pn also presented a single-peak curve, Pn of Upper leaves washigher than the lower, the change rule is roughly the same with the light distribution pattern.3. The relationship between Pn and physiological ecology factors: leaves Pn of differentposition of the two grape cultivars had closed relationship with major physiological ecologyfactors. Pn was extremely positive correlate with effective optical radiation (PAR), leaftranspiration rate (Tr) and stomata conductance (Gs), and was positive correlate withatmospheric temperature (Ta), negative correlate with intercellular carbon dioxide concentration(Ci), and not correlate with relative humidity (RH).4. There was no significant difference of fruit quality between U-leaves canopy structure and V-leaves canopy structure of the two grape cultivars under the facilities condition, and grapeyield with U-leaves canopy structure was higher.5. Chlorophyll content of middle and lower leaves was higher than upper leaves of the twogrape cultivars with different leaves canopy structure under the facilities condition, and thechange of Pn was not related to chlorophyll content.6. According to the investigation results, find out the existing problems in production of localgrape under the facilities condition, and put forward suggestions and developmentcountermeasures to solve the problems based on local conditions.