Study On Xinjiang Akesu Fuji Fruit Shape Regulation

Fuji is the most important Apple Cultivars in China. Akesu Red Fuji Apple was selected as the OlympicGames special apple in2008, but its appearance quality is not high, which has been one of the prominentproblems in the current production process. The fruit shape deviation is an important factor to affect theappearance of the commodity quality, this problem is particularly evident in Xinjiang Akesu area. In orderto find out the cause of Fuji apple shape deviation, improvement on fruit appearance quality. This studyfrom2011to2012in Xinjiang Akesu regional flag slope farm, with10years old Fuji apple (Malusomestica Borkh,cv Fuji) as the main material. Systematic observation of fruit growth and developmentdynamic. Investigation and analysis of different pollination varieties, different Pollination methods,different stages of spraying fruit shape modifier, fruit ways growth, different tree age and other factorseffect on fruit shape deviation. The main results obtained as follows:1.Akesu Fuji fruit horizontal, vertical diameter growth dynamic trend similar to showed a single "S" typegrowth curve. Before May30th, Fruit horizontal growth velocity is less than the vertical diameter. The fruitshape index higher than1. But after May30th, the growth speed of horizontal diameter is greater than thevertical diameter, to mature fruit horizontal diameter greater than the vertical diameter14.24mm. Fruitshape index with the horizontal and vertical diameter growth showed a single "S" type. Fruit skew indexand weight change trend similar to showed double "S" curve.2. By transverse anatomy the3kinds of fruit maturity, the results show that the number of seeds is morein the fruit. Seed distribution the more uniform in ventricular, fruit shape the more correct, the two exist theheight corresponding relations.3.A natural droop fruit have the highest horizontal and vertical diameter, fruit shape index and fruitweight. But the fruit index is the lowest, fruit shape is perfect for more the first grade fruit. lateral fruitskew the highest index, for more the malformed fruit. back fruit have the least fruit shape index and fruitweight.4.The horizontal and vertical diameter, fruit shape index and fruit weight of16-20years Fuji fruit werethe biggest. But the fruit index is the lowest, fruit shape is perfect for more the second grade fruit.16-20years is the best period of Red Fuji fruit production.5.The average setting ratio of Gala pollination is the highest,3.38times of the control, Gala pollination isthe most ideal male parent of Red Fuji Apple pollination. the average setting ratio of pollination pollenartificial is the highest,3.18times of the control. In view of the spray pollination is fast, good effect,laborsaving and timesaving, suggest application of large area production.6.After Gala pollination, it can significantly reduce the fruit skew index, increase the number of secondgrade fruit. Gala pollen becomes the best choice to improve the Xinjiang Akesu Fuji fruit shape. After "BaoFeng" pollination, fruit shape index and single fruit weight is the highest, it can effectively increase the fruitsize.7. Spraying PROMALIN and Qi Bao can significantly increase the fruit vertical and horizontal diameterin florescence+young fruit stage+expanding period, reduce the Fuji apple fruit skew index significantly,increase the number of second grade fruit. Fruit shape modifier spraying should repeatedly spraying duringthe growth and development of fruit, while expanding period is the key period of fruit shape modifier.