Studies On Accumulation And Translocation Capability Of The Non-Structural Matter In Rice

The non-structural matter stored in stem and leaf before heading is the physiological significance to keeping spikelets growing、increasing seed setting rate and yield. If the stored matter was translocated to panicle timely and effectively, it was conducive to keeping spikelets growing as the secondary source. Researching the influencing factors and evaluation methodology of translocation capability of the non-structural matter was not only conducive to stabilizing and increasing yield, but also provided the theoretical guidance for evaluation and layout of varieties.In order to investigate the translocation characteristic and establish the evaluation methodology of translocation capability of the non-structural matter in tropical region, we not only studied the accumulation characteristic of the non-structural matter of stem and leaf in the heading stage and the translocation characteristic after heading stage based on the field experiment in the different varieties and environmental conditions, but also constructed the determination method of the non-structural matter based on Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) and the simple evaluation methodology of translocation capability. The main results were as follows:1、Using the NIRS to predict the non-structural matter content had the high accuracy. The method of chemical analysis added amylase with NIRS was examined to establish calibration model of predicting the non-structural matter content of rice. Determination coefficient of external validation, root mean square errors of prediction of the calibration model of stem and panicle was0.9912^0.0081and0.9611>0.0226.Partial Least Square(PLS1) is the best regression statistic method for calibration model. Because of the high prediction accuracy, the final calibration model was chosen using "no spectral data pretreatment"+"PLS1’2> There were significant differences of the non-structural matter accumulation and content of stem in the different varieties.For the non-structural matter accumulation, the maximum value of553.85g/m2was found in Teyou009of hybrid rice, and the minimum value of314.7g/m2was found in Haixiuzhan9of inbred rice; Hybrid rice which was from444.95g/m2to553.85g/m2was significantly higher than inbred rice which was from314.7g/m2to412.9g/m2; Indica hybrid rice which was from449.25g/m2to553.85g/m2was significantly higher than japonica hybrid rice which was444.95g/m2. For the non-structural matter content, the maximum value of51.48%was found in Teyou009of hybrid rice, and the minimum value of44.51%was found in Haixiuzhan9of inbred rice. the non-structural matter accumulation responded to the non-structural matter content3、There were significant differences of translocation rate of the non-structural matter in the different varieties. The maximum value of21.75g/(d·m2) was found in Teyou009of hybrid rice, and the minimum value of9.45g/(d·m2) was found in Haixiuzhan9of inbred rice; Hybrid rice which was froml4.3g/(d·m2) to21.75g/(d·m2) was significantly higher than inbred rice which was from9.45g/(d·m2) to14.95g/(d·m2); Indica hybrid rice which was from16.65g/(d·m2)to21.75g/(d·m2) was significantly higher than japonica hybrid rice which was14.3g/(d·m2).4、 Using the reducing rate of non-structural matter content in early grain filling stage as the evaluation methodology of translocation capability of the stored matter were not only easier and faster, but also had the high accuracy. Referring to the increasing rate of dry matter in panicle in shade conditions, influence of reducing rate of dry matter、reducing rate of non-structural matter content、reducing rate of non-structural matter accumulation in stem on increasing rate of dry matter in panicle was studied. For regression coefficient, the maximum value of0.7925was found between increasing rate of dry matter in panicle and reducing rate of non-structural matter accumulation2based on the dry matter of stem in heading stage and reducing rate of non-structural matter content. The second maximum value of0.7328was found between increasing rate of dry matter in panicle and reducing rate of non-structural matter content. Because the latter only determine the non-structural matter content and can avoid the error of taking samples and fallen leaves and objectively reflect the translocation capability of the non-structural matter from stem to panicle.5、The plant type and the population structure were improved by the reduced and delayed fertilization. High panicle bearing tiller rate ensured the effective panicles,so the reduced and delayed fertilization avoid the influence of high nitrogen fertilizer on the accumulation and translocation of non-structural matter and obtain higher yield than the local fertilization.