Effects Of Cultivation Pattern On Soil Water-heat Effect And Growth Of Watermelon

This study is for the loess plateau region less rainfall and uneven distribution, springdrought and frost, summer frequent rainstorm and water-logging problem. A fieldexperiment to explorer the different cultivation mode on soil water-heating condition,grafting watermelon growth and development, production quality and water useefficiency use efficiency.The test carried out in2013in the Ning county of Qingyang City. Six treatmentsincluding covered ridge sowing(RM), covered ridge-ditching sowing(GM), coveredditch cowing(TG), half-covered ridge cowing(RH), half-covered ridge-ditchingsowing(GH), half-covered and ditch grass covered ridge cowing(RS) was designed.The study of the watermelon production mode suitable for the region, the followingresults:1) The film can effectively improve the soil temperature all in the ridge and ditch.Film treatment soil temperatures were higher than the control treatment, RM ridgetemperature compared with RH increased by2.63%, the ditch temperature comparedwith RS increased by8.12%. The ridging mode effective the soil temperaturesignificantly. RM ridge temperature higher than GM2.44%, the ditch temperature7.44%.2) The GM to use two small catchment area in ridges and ditch to collect rainfall, thegreatest degree of improving the utilization rate of rainfall. In a period of low rainfalltime, GM0-40cm soil water content with RH increased by12.13%, powerfulguarantee the transplanting seedling survival and growth, to growth and developmentin the late laid a good foundation.3) Watermelon growth under different cultivation modes there are differences, theridging mode ridge temperature is higher than ridge-ditching surface andMoisture to evaporate faster, it’s negative of seedlings growth and resulting in the stretchvine postponement. On the ridge of GM design form a relatively low temperatureregion to avoid the high temperature effect for seedling growth, to ensure the graftedseedlings growth and development.4) Full ground cover can effectively improve the soil temperature, formation of thesoil environment more suitable for the growth. The results showed that the GM vineslength and chlorophyll content was the highest, and each growth period weresignificantly higher than the control treatment RH, there are also some advantagescompared to other treatments. Photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, leaf water use efficiency with the RM maximum, but the GM and RM differences not significant,GM and RM was significantly higher than RH.5) The GM harvest yield was the highest, compared with RH increased by14.48%.The GM Soluble solids content is significantly higher RM, no significant differencewith other treatment. The nitrate content RS and RH was significantly lower than theother treatments. Acidity indicators has no marked difference between the treatments.6）The GM on the growth and yield are significantly better than RH, GH and TG, thereare some advantages compared with to RM and RS, so covered ridge-ditching sowingis appropriate under loess plateau region of grafted watermelon cultivation mode ofproduction.