| With the development of social economy and living standard, human health and living environment protection and natural resource sustainableility such as more and more get the attention of people, on the agricultural production in the guarantee of food production at the same time and minimal fertilizer nutrient loss and increasing fertilizer use efficiency to reduce pollution of the environment, it is an important task of the current agricultural fertilizer science and technology innovation, but also the important guarantee of realizing agricultural sustainable development. In this paper, slow-release urea were condueted by Hefei Institutes of Physical Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences. The toxicity test was evaluated through survival rate of AL cells、survival rate of C. elegants、apoptotic cell gonad number、brood size in4days, criteria of arabidopsis thaliana growth and genetic toxicity of homologous recombination frequency. system research and analysis the slow-release urea toxic to cells, nematodes and arabidopsis thaliana, find a fast evaluation system for the new type slow-release urea.Main results were as followed:1. The results showed that had no effect on survival rate of ALcells after treatment24hours even concentrations reach10times of ordinary urea.But the new slow-release urea treatment AL cell is showed that with the increase of slow-release urea the survival rate was descend of AL cells. Further to experiment of new slow-release urea, found that toxic insolubles come from Solid insoluble of controlled release formulation, further analysis of the reason may be that the Solid insoluble of controlled release affected fixed of AL cells.2. The results showed that slow-release urea had no effect on survival rate of C. elegants, apoptotic cell gonad arm didn’t increase and brood size in4days didn’t decrease owing to treatment of slow-release urea. The further study of the offspring of C. elegants exposed to slow-release urea also showed the same result. So, the conclusion achieved from this study that slow-release urea had no toxic effects on C. elegants.3. The results showed that the growths of arabidopsis thaliana were all promotion firstly and then inhibition with the concentration gradient increase of new slow-release urea and common urea, and the inhibition of common urea was especially more obvious. When the urea concentration was up to1000μg/ml, Arabidopsis thaliana could normal sprout but couldn’t live. The results of treating taproot fresh weight and fibril of arabidopsis thaliana by slow-release urea were more superior to common urea’under same nutrient condition. The effect showed a significant difference (0.05) when Arabidopsis thaliana’ taproots were treated by10μg/ml、50μg/ml and arabidopsis thaliana’ fresh weight were treated by100μg/ml urea, especially in50μg/ml urea. The effect of arabidopsis thaliana fibril treated by50μg/ml、100μg/ml urea were also up to significant differences (0.05). Genetic toxicity analysis of arabidopsis thaliana exposed to controlled release formulation indicated that there was no difference fromcontrolled release formulation on homologous recombination frequency of arabidopsis thaliana. The study also showed that it was no genetic toxicity effect on arabidopsis thaliana exposed to new slow-release urea within the scope of this research.In conclusion:although there has certain effect on AL cells survive rate by slow release urea, not for the toxicity of slow-release urea, because of Solid insoluble of controlled release formulation in slow-release urea insolubles, it does not prove that there are no biological safety on slow-release. By C. elegans, arabidopsis thaliana experiments we can found that there was no toxic effects on C. elegans and arabidopsis thaliana of slow-release urea, preliminarily proved that the biological safety of slow-release urea, as a result, AL cells, C. elegans, arabidopsis thaliana toxicity evaluation system could be a fast evaluation system for the new type slow-release fertilizer. |
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