Studies On Waterlogging Tolerance Of Grape Rootstock

According to the deterioration of the environment and extreme weather events, in recentyeas, flooding has risen for the main agricultural production disasters. Because of the highlevel of underground water in south, sudden rainstorm in north, combined with poorirrigation-drainage network, many vineyards are faced with flooding. Therefore studying thewaterlogging tolerance of grape and waterlogging resistant cultivation techniques haveobvious theoretical value and production significance.In this reasearch, seven grape rootstocks varieties were treated with pot waterlogging tostudy the effects of waterlogging stress on the growth, leaf photosynthetic characteristics androot physiological indexes. Based on the principle component analysis and cluster analysis,the waterlogging-tolerance of these varieties were comprehensively evaluated; On this base,seven rootstock graftings and Cabernet Sauvignon own-root seedlings were treated with potwaterlogging to study the effects of waterlogging stress on the growth, leaf photosyntheticcharacteristics and root physiological indexes, further compared the waterlogging tolerance ofdifferent grape rootstock, and provide a theoretical basis for grape grafting cultivation in areasliable to flooding; By measuring the physiological and biochemical changes of SO4underwaterlogging stress, discuss the resistance mechanism of grape rootstock, and providetheoretical support for the promotion and utilization of grape rootstock.The main results were as follows:1. Under waterlogging stress, shoot growth, total dry matter, root vitality, total rootlength, total root surface area, chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate significantlydeclined compared with the control, shoot growth decreased by14.01%-34.92%and dryweight decreased by5.99%-30.79%. The root was more seriously affected than leaf,expressed by the decreased root/shoot ratio. SO4,101-14M,3309C and Beta were lessaffected by waterlogging stress, while1103P,140Ru and110R was more affected; relativemembrane permeability (RMP), proline (Pro) and ADH activities in roots were significantlyincreased. The order of waterlogging resistance of grape rootstock varieties from strong toweak was: SO4,101-14M,3309C, Beta,1103P,140Ru,110R.2. The growth of graftings obviously declined under waterlogging stress compared withcontrol. The root was more seriously affected than leaf, expressed by root dry weight,root/shoot and root activity were decreased, while relative membrane permeability (RMP) inroots was increased, CS/SO4, CS/101-14M and CS/5BB were less influenced by waterlogging stress, while Cabernet Sauvignon own-root seedlings was mostly influenced;Besides, the photosynthetic capacity, fluorescence parameters and chlorophyll contents ofscion were influnced by rootstocks; Rootstock plays a dominant role in plant resistance towaterlogging stress, the order of resistance ability of different rootstock combinations frombest to bad was CS/SO4, CS/101-14M, CS/5BB, CS/3309C, CS/Beta, CS/140Ru, CS/1103P,and Cabernet Sauvignon own-root seedling was the most sensitive.3. Leaf water potential of SO4was significantly lower than that of control at day3afterwaterlogging, then followed by some recovery, but decreased again with the stress prolonging,it was2.65times of control at day12after waterlogging. Under flooding stress, SO4promoted anaerobic metabolism of pyruvate by increasing the anaerobic respirationtheenzyme activity, whose PDC, ADH, LDH activity increased first and then decreased, enzymeactivity reached the highest in the middle and later periods of the stress, and then decreased.Root respiration intensity decreased gradually, it was74.30%of control at day6afterwaterlogging. O2·-generation rate in root increased, it was1.24times of control at day3afterwaterlogging, Meanwhile, SOD activity was significantly higher than that of control, reached83.55%, then the ability of active oxygen removal declined. Soluble protein contentcontinuely decreased, it was29.17%less than control at day6after waterlogging. The contentof K, Ca and Mg decreased in waterlogged SO4, while Fe, Zn and Cu was relativelyincreased.