Genetic Diversity Among Curcuma Species Based On ISSR And RAMP Markers

The Curcuma, one branch of the Zingiberaceae, is an important economic plant groups. Around the world, there are above70species of Curcuma, which distributed in subtropical regions and Australia. There might be20Taxon in China, including species, subspecies, varieties and cultivated variety. Most of them mainly distributed in the southwest and southeast of China, such as Sichuan, Guangxi, Yunnan and Guangdong alike. The Curcuma is a perennial herb, with a sweet succulent rhizome. Its branches grow into oval or cylinder, flowering around8months. Its nature also tolerants shade and dry. The tuberous root and the root of the most Curcuma could be used for medicinal purposes. C. aromatica Salisb and C. longa L. in Chinese medicine is made by those roots. The Curcuma plants not only has high medicinal values, but also possesses important economic value and ornamental value. However, The Curcuma plants distributed in large areas, vitiating a lot when cultivated both in nature or experiments. Meanwhile, the confusions have happened among C. aromatica Salisb, C. phaeocaulis Valeton and C. longa L resulting in inaccurate usages in clinical treatment. For advancing the accuracy of origin identification among these Curcuma plants and supplying high assurance for clinical treatment, it is a necessary to identify their origin plants and relationship based on different methods.This article researches in the relationship analysis at Curcuma plants based on ISSR markers and RAMP maker. The main results are following.The statistics, from the PCR experiments on69materials using49RAMP primer, A total of520products were amplified by49-mer arbitrary primers, among which509products (97.88%) were found to be polymorphic.4-19product bands were amplified by each primer, with an average of10.6bands.3-19polymorphic bands were amplified by each primer, with an average of10.4bands. The various ranges of GS value in all the materials is0.550-0.921. There could be four categories according to the cluster analysis, when the genetic distance is0.61. The1st category has1C. aromatic Salisb YN-1. The2nd category has61materials, including10C. kwangsiensis S. G. Lee et C. F. Liang,12C. phaeocaulis Valeton,8C. wenyujin Y. H. Chen et C. Ling,10C. aromatic Salisb,11C longa L.3C. amarissima Roxb,2C. flaviflora S. Q. Tong,1C. chuanhuangjiang Z. Y. Zhu and4C. sichuanensis X. X. Chen. The3rd categories has4C. phaeocaulis Valeton. The4th catogories has3C. yunnanensis N. Liu&Senjen. According to the results obtained C. chuanghuangjiang Z. Y. Zhu and C. longa L. has closer relationship, C. chuanghuangjiang Z. Y. Zhu is mutation from C. longa L. The results have a certain relationship between the genetic relationship between the species and geographical environment.The statistics, from the PCR experiments on69samples materials using23ISSR primer, A total of209products were amplified by23-mer arbitrary primers, among which198products (94.73%) were found to be polymorphic.5-14product bands were amplified by each primer, with an average of9.1bands.5-12polymorphic bands were amplified by each primer, with an average of8.6bands. The various ranges of GS value in all the materials is0.63-0.98. There could be three categories according to the cluster analysis, when the genetic distance is0.64. The1nd category has51materials, including5C. aromatic Salisb,17C. phaeocaulis Valeton,8C. wenyujin Y. H. Chen et C. Ling,2C. flaviflora S. Q. Tong,10C. kwangsiensis S. G. Lee et C. F. Liang,1C. chuanghuangjiang Z. Y. Zhu,5C. longa L. and3C. yunnanensis N. Liu&Senjen. The2st category has3C. amarissima Roxb and1C. aromatica Salisb. The3rd category has3C. phaeocaulis Valeton,7C. longa L. and4C. sichuanensis X. X. Chen. The results showed that the genetic distance between C. phaeocaulis Valeton and C. yunnanensis N. Liu&Senjen is0.61, which have a closer relationship, but they can not do with one identified. The kinds of clustering and geographical environment have a certain relationship.The RAMP and ISSR could be used to identify the relationship and Genetic diversity analysis among the Curcuma with high efficient. This technique could be the basis of the species analysis of the Curcuma.