Study On Biotypes And Nuts Quality Of Carya Dabieshanensis

Hickory (Carya cathayensis) is a genus of Juglandaceae hickory, one of thehigh-quality dried fruit in China. The pecan fruit with a high nutritional value andunique taste flavor, it has been recognized by consumers and gradually become apopular high-grade nuts. Currently it is all natural secondary forest and rich hickorynatural forest resources in Jinzhai County area hickory.By studying the morphologiccharacteristics of Carya dabieshanensis,the isozyme in leaves of Caryadabieshanensis,volatile oil components in leaves of Carya dabieshanensis andhickory fruit quality,the subject is order to reveal the main differences between thedifferent varieties of Carya dabieshanensis and provide a theoretical basis for the nextstep screening the quality excellent pecan varieties as well as improve the yields ofpecan, so is better to conservation and use of Carya dabieshanensis resources.1. Using sample plot investigation method,it is results that Carya dabieshanensistrees are suitable for growth of between500to800m altitude, which the Shuizhipinghickory species for the highest is700to800m,the lowest altitude of Yanzihe is500to600m;soil type is a mountain of granite;growth place is mountainside;which trunkstraight, dry, smooth bark, tree vigor opened branches for one-year-old branches werekhaki; the leaves elongated strip, jagged edges, leaf tip graduallytip, opposite leavespinnate, most species to7leaves,occasionally9leaves with Shuizhuping andGuanmiao County species,the other five species have5leaves;Flowers aremonoecious;strains produced between100to300pounds, the largest is Shuizhupingstrains producing200to300pounds, the smallest is Guanmiao Country strainsproduced about100pounds.2. The zymogram features of peroxidiase isozyme in leaves of Caryadabieshanensis from seven different places were analyzed using polyacrylamidevertical plating gel electrophoresis technique.The results show that:a total of28enzymes were separated, the isoenzymes in leaves of enzymes changed from2to6,the electrophoretic mobility Rf values varied from0.310to0.470.By clusteranalysis shows that,it could be divided into five kinds species when genetic distance was0.4,three kinds when it was0.6.It could be concluded that Peroxidiase Isozymeanalysis was an effective method for identifying the varietises of Caryadabieshanensis.3. The volatile components were extracted from leaves of seven different kindsof Carya dabieshanensis by simultaneous distillation and solvent extraction, andanalyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and then to theGC-MS analysis data of principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis(CA).64compounds were isolated and identified from the sample extracts,respectively in their total volatile components of89.8%,95.12%,91.53%,92.04%,95.94%,90.44%,96.28%.Principal component analysis showed that PC1~4cumulativecontribution rate reached79.138%,64kinds of volatile substance reflects theinformation can consist of4main components to replace. Cluster analysis resultsshow that the volatile material characteristic components in Shuizhuping Village、Yanzihe Town and Huoshan County areas are similar, those of Shahe Town、Wujiadian Village、Guanmiao Town、Tiantangzhai Village areas are similar.4. Through on the determination of the basic ingredients with different varietiesof hickory nuts and nucleolus,the results showed that: in terms of nut traits, the bestquality of Shuizhuping, the score is35,fruit shape index is1.46, kernel rate is51.44%;the worst is Guanmiao County, the score is18,fruit shape index is1.36,kernel rate is45.54%. Huoshan County, Shuizhuping, Yanzihe is34,35,34, show thatthese three types of similar quality,Shahe Country and Wujiadian is26,25,show thatthese two types of quality are similar,Tiantangzhai and Guanmiao Country is19,18,show that these two types of quality are similar.In terms of nucleoli basicingredients,the highest of crude fat content is Shuizhuping of67.89%,the lowest isShahe County of59.62%;The highest protein content is Yanzihe of22.77%, thelowest is Shahe County of19.93%.Comprehensive survey of various indicatorsderived that the best fruit quality is Shuizhiping,the second is Wujiadian,HuoshanCounty,Shuizhuping,Yanzihe are similar,Tiantangzhai and Guanmiao County aresimilar.