Preservation Technology And Effect On Cultivars’Black Magic’ And ’Movie Star’ Of Cut Roses

As flower consumption in the first of the four cut flowers, the production, consumption,import and export trade of cut rose （Rosa hybrida） always occupies a pivotal position in theworld in the floral industry. The production of cut roses as an export flower is prospering anddeveloping quickly as an emerging industry in China. However, postharvest loses of≥40%worldwide and in China are limiting the profitability of this industry, therefore, thepreservation of the cut flower is very urgent. The process of cut rose has along with the manycomplex physiological reactions, for example: glucose metabolism, water metabolism,substance metabolism, microbial corrosion and oxidation and senility process. In order tosolve these problems and find a solution, the cut roses named cv. Black Magic and cv. MovieStar as materials, were processed with supply sugar, solid plasma membrane structure, inhibitmicrobial and anti-aging. Release a comprehensive preservative prescription of cut rose toimprove the ornamental, reduce unnecessary losses after postharvest.Each processing has2%sucrose. First, did3single factor tests with cv. Black Magic andcv. Movie Star flowers. Factor A is Ca²⁺, concentrations were0.5%,1.0%and1.5%; Factor Bis SA, concentrations were25mg·L^-1,50mg·L^-1and75mg·L^-1; Factor B is BKC,concentrations were25mg·L^-1,50mg·L^-1and100mg·L^-1; Second, did orthogonal test with3factors and3level. The following conclusions obtained by testing vase-holding day, bent stemseverity, water uptake, MDA content, antioxidant enzymes activity and so on.（1） Ca²⁺had a significantly effect on solid membrane structure,0.5%Ca²⁺had a slighteffect,1.5%Ca²⁺had a negative impact on cut rose petals osmotic pressure and waterpotential. So1.0%Ca²⁺was the optimal concentration.（2） Cut Rose cv. Black Magic and cv. Movie Star treated by salicylic acid had a longervase life and higher water uptake. Salicylic acid treatments significantly reduced theaccumulation of MDA, MDA is an important indicator of senescence and oxidative affirmedthe preservation effect of salicylic acid. CK and the salicylic acid comparison of the threetreatments, the concentration of50mg·L^-1was the optimum concentration of salicylic acidtreatments, high concentration (100mg·L^-1) of the salicylic acid interested Cutflower negativeimpact. （3）8-Hydroxyquinoline and benzalkonium chloride are both broad-spectrum fungicides.In this study, cut roses （Rosa hybrida） were treated with8-hydroxyquinoline (100mg·L^-1,200mg·L^-1and300mg·L^-1) and benzalkonium chloride (25mg·L^-1,50mg·L^-1and100mg·L^-1). Analysis of microbial concentrations showed that8-hydroxyquinoline in highconcentration (300mg·L^-1)could effectively control and kill fungi but has less effect oncontrolling bacteria reproduction while benzalkonium chloride functions well in reducing thereproduction of both fungi and bacteria. Correlation analysis between the quantity of bacteriacolony-forming units（CFU）and water uptake revealed a significantly negative correlationbetween log10number of bacteria colony and water uptake. When the quantity of bacteriaCFU·mL^-1was about2.84×105CFU·mL^-1and2.15×105CFU·mL^-1in the vase liquid, thewater uptake of cut roses cv. Movie Star and cv. Black Magic decreased dramatically. It wasobserved that the cut roses with more water uptake had better vase-holding quality after beingtreated with benzalkonium chloride (50mg·L^-1and100mg·L^-1). Benzalkonium chloride (50mg·L^-1and100mg·L^-1) was also found to be effective in spanning the longevity for2-3moredays, promoting water uptake, enlarging corolla diameter as well as extending its bloomingtime.（4） The data of Ca²⁺, salicylic acid and benzalkonium chloride process resulted that, theimpact order of the3factors was RC> RA> RBon cv. Black Magic and cv. Movie Star flower,so benzalkonium chloride was the most important factor, Ca²⁺followed, the most smallestfactor was salicylic acid. The best combination was A2B2C2(1.0%Ca²⁺，50mg·L^-1SA，50mg·L^-1BKC), orthogonal test resulted the consistent with the single factor test, so thiscombination was the best for the preservation of cut rose recipe. Compare the bestcombination with Chrysal Clean, The best combination （A2B2C2） was better than ChrysalClean on longevity、cell membrane stability、MDA content、 antioxidant enzyme activitiesofcut roses, so the formula with1.0%Ca²⁺,50mg·L^-1SA,50mg·L^-1BKC and2%sucrosecould be the new formula and be used for promotion and application on cut roses.