The Research Of Characteristics Of Family Genetic And Breeding Parents Of Schima Superba

Schima superba play an important role in the ecological protection and biological fire prevention in the south China, and is the precious quality hardwood timber,too.4seed sources from Longquan city、Qingyuan city and Suichang city in the Zhejiang province and Jianou city of Fujian, located at Jianou city of Fujian and Yongfeng city of Jiangxi, was used to reveal the genetic variation and select some of fast-growing and high-quality family. Clones’growth characteristics including height, DBH, crown width, primary branches and flower characteristics were researched to understand the growth and blooming habit of S. superba. These clones were come from the first-generation breeding population of S.superba. We analyzed genetic diversity and genetic differentiation of S.superba with SSR molecular markers, and clustered the clones with genetic distance.It revealed regular of genetic diversity and provided a theoretical basis for breeding parents selection and configuration.The tests of S.superba family at age five reveal the genetic variation and family by site interaction for growth and stem form quality characteristics. Family tests existed significant differences. The differences in the interaction effect of family and site except for the biggest branch angle in the third group also was significant. The tree height,DBH and crown width in two locations were under moderate to strong genetic control, and the family heritability was0.36-0.87, family heritability of other characteristics were relatively low in the overall level and under moderate to weak genetic control. Genetic correlation coefficient was0.572-0.928in the tree height, DBH, and crown width, So It also had a extremely significant and positive correlation. We selected24families of S.superba from Jian’ou of Fujian and17families from Yongfeng of Jiangxi as early-fast growing family.These clones were come from the first-generation breeding population of S.superba.The results showed that the bloom phase and the lasting days were different among clones and clones origins. Bloom phase was strongly influenced by the latitude and altitude of origin, and the bloom phase would be later with high altitude and high latitude. The correlation analysis showed that growth characteristics had no or weak negative correlation with bloom phase. It was better for choosing breeding parents for fast-growing and more flowers. Four groups were clustered with about22clones.there was a big difference in bloom phase and the lasting days among the groups, it was useful to breeding parent selection among the groups.Genetic diversity and genetic relationship of fifteen Schima superba provenances were analyzed with simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular technique.14SSR primers amplification were conducted in133individuals,45polymorphic loci were detected from the86loci and percentage of polymorphic loci was52.32%.Shannon information index and Nei gene diversity of S.superba were1.2247and0.5990, respectively. It showed that S.superba had abundant genetic diversity like other species. Mean of He an Ho were0.60122�'�0.5720, He was consistent with Ho. Genetic diversity in Jian’ou city of Fujian province were highest and had a rich genetic basis, however genetic diversity in Suichang city of Zhejiang province were lowest. Estimated Out crossing rate were high and less than the difference among the origin, mean was0.9605. Nei’s genetic identity ranged in0.1952～0.977and the mean was0.5583.133individuals could be clustered into three groups with arithmetic weighted average method (UPGMA). Clones in the third group were clustered into two smaller groups on account of geographical position and latitude.