The Toxicity Study Of Propolis Oral Liquid For Poultry

Propolis is a gelatineous mixture of various amounts of resins collected by honeybees from branches, leaf buds and barks of plants, saliva and other secretions of the bees, beeswax and pollen. Propolis has various pharmacological effects such as anti-bacterial, anti-viruses, anti-oxidant, enhance immunity, inhibition of carcinoma tumour cells, decrease blood glucose and blood fat, tissue regeneration. Propolis has been widely used in medical care, food industry and daily chemical industry. Propolis is mainly used as feed additive and immune adjuvant in Veterinary domain. The studies described here were performed to evaluate the preclinical toxicity of a new developed Propolis oral liquid for poultry, inorder to provide a reliable reference for clinical trials of the oral liquid.1. The acute toxicity study of Propolis oral liquid for poultryObjective:Evaluate the acute oral toxicity of the Propolis oral liquid, provide the reference for the subchronic toxicity and mutagenicity test. Methods: To obtain the LD50and95%confidence intervals of Propolis oral liquid, rats and mice were used in this study. Oral acute study for calculating LD50was performed according to modified Karber’s method. Results:The LD50values of Propolis oral liquid determined to be1589and1633mg·kg-1body weight per day with an approximate95%confidence interval ranging from1425.5to1770.3and1467.4to1817.4mg·kg-1body weight per day in mice and rats, respectively. Conclusion:According to the classification table of chemical acute toxicity, Propolis oral liquid was classified as a low-toxic substance.2. The subchronic toxicity study of Propolis oral liquid for poultryObjective:Evaluate the subchronic toxicity of the Propolis oral liquid through a30-day feeding test. Methods:Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups, animals received water-vehicle (control group) or Propolis oral liquid with doses of200,100,50mg·kg-1per day by oral administration for30consecutive days. The toxicity of the Propolis oral liquid was evaluated on base of general condition, body weight, feed efficiency, hematology, organ coefficients, clinical biochemistry and pathology. Results:All experimental rats are generally in good condition, no toxic signs or mortality were observed, body weight, feed efficiency, hematology, organ coefficients, clinical biochemistry and pathology were not affected by the treatment. Conclusion:In the dose range tested, the Propolis oral liquid has no obvious toxicity, can be long-term used.3. The mutagenicity test of Propolis oral liquid for poultryObjective:Preliminary evaluate the mutagenicity of the Propolis oral liquid through mouse sperm abnormality test and mouse micronucleus test. Methods:Both experiments were divided into1/2,1/4,1/8LD50of Propolis oral liquid treatment volume groups, negative group and positive group. Mouse sperm abnormality test, the drugs were gastric perfused for5consecutive days,35d after the first perfusion, take the epididymis, and produce the sperm smear, examine the sperm deformity; mouse micronucleus test, the drugs were gastric perfused twice to the mice at24h interval,6h after the second perfusion, the bone marrow smears were made and examine the micronucleus of PCE. Results:There were no significant difference between the experimental group and the negative group(P>0.05), while the positive control group was significantly higher than the negative control group(P<0.01) in mouse sperm abnormality test; there were nosignificant difference between the experimental group and the negative group(P>0.05), while the positive control group was significantly higher than the negative control group(P <0.01) in Mouse micronucleus test. Conclusion: Mouse sperm abnormality test and mouse micronucleus test were both negative, suggest that Propolis oral liquid has no mutagenicity.