The Histochemical Of Qvule And Calcium Distribution Study Of Egg Apparatus In Capsicum Annuum

Calcium is one of indispensable elements in plant growth and development,, and have many important physiological functions. Also, it plays a significant role in sexual reproduction of higher plants. Recently, some studies displayed calcium important physiological functions during anther development of higher plants. During the process of growth and development of anther, calcium dynamic changes occurred in special time and parts in the anther. Many studies were conducted to study the relation between calcium and pollen tube growth and orientation and found that calcium plays important function in pollen tube growth and orientation. But a few studies were done to study calcium dynamic changes in embryo sac before and after blossom. Fertilization is a delicate and complex process, which also needs calcium in many aspects involved in. In present study, the metabolism of nutrient accumulation characteristic and calcium distribution in ovule of Capsicum annuum were conducted. The results as follows:1. Metabolism of nutrients in developing ovulesThe nutrients in Capsicum annuum ovules are accumulated before anthesis. There are many starches in ovule before2day of anthesis. The starches mainly located in the integument somatic cells, but not in the nucellus cells near by embryo sac. The embryo sac also has no starches at this time. Many starches also accumulated in the periphery cells of funiculus, but the cells near by vascular bundle have no starches. The starch distribution in the ovule displays some characteristic. Starches in ovule increases following ovule development before1day of anthesis, and the distribution characteristic starches still keeps. There are a few starches and lipids in the embryo sac at anthesis. Starches in integument increase1day after anthesis, and a few lipids appear in embryo sac too. Two days after anthesis the filiform apparatus of synergid is also stained red, showing its polysaccharide feature. 2.Distribution of characteristic of Ca2+in the embryo sac cellsThere is a few calcium precipitates distributed in the both synergids before anthesis. One of the synergids has some small calcium precipitates in vacuole and another one has no. Following ovule development, the calcium precipitates in synergids increase. The most evident increase of the precipitates is in1day after anthesis and many big precipitates accumulate in the filiform apparatus of both synergids, which most locate in the chalaza end of filiform mapparatus, displaying a polar distribution.2day after anthesis, the calcium in persistent synergid reduced rapidly. The calcium precipitates in egg cell maintain at a lower lever during its development. However, there are some large precipitates located between egg cell and central cell membrane linked to central cell. The results indicated that calcium during ovule development distributes specially, which may take part in the regulation of fertilization process of Capsicum annuum.