Adaptability And Propagation Of Pinus Parvilfora In Qinhuangdao Area

Pinus parviflora is an evergreen conifer tree that is native to Japan. It is apopular tree for bonsai, and also grown as an ornamental tree in parks and gardens.This paper based on the Pinus parviflora planted in Qinhuangdao area, such asQinhuang botanical garden, Golden Coast and Huaxia winery, studied the growthadaptability, fruiting characteristics, method of sowing, and grafting of Pinusparviflora. The results were as follows:1. Pinus parviflora can grow normally in Qinhuangdao, and they could adapt toextreme temperature (-26℃and39.2℃) and overwinter without protecting. Theirbranches have a certain amount of growth annually, so Pinus parviflora can beplanted in the Qinhuangdao Gardens. But they were suffered seriously by Dioryctriasplendidella---the popupar infestion of Pinus tabulaeformis.2. Although some Pinus parviflora trees planted in the same place (Qinhuangbotanical garden), the differences in their morphology of cones and seeds are clearly.The height of cones ranged from4.37cm to7.82cm. The width of cones ranged from2.02cm to3.32cm. The fresh weight of cones ranged from6.60g to36.71g. Thelength of seeds ranged from6.98mm to12.16mm. The width of seeds ranged from3.85cm to8.26mm. The thickness of seeds ranged from2.95mm to5.61mm. Thethickness of seeds’ coats ranged from0.40mm to0.74mm.1000-grain weight was110.02g. The investigation about Pinus parviflora of three planted places demonstr-ated that they could fruit, but the seed full rate was low. The seed full rate of Pinusparviflora in Qinhuang botanical garden was highest for21.11%, the seed full rate ofPinus parviflora in Huaxia winery was lowest for7.77%. This condition may berelated to the amount of Pinus parviflora planted.Pollens of Pinus parviflora could germinate after24h in culture mediumcontaining0.02%boric acid and5%sucrose, and72h is the best observation time forviewing pollens. The germination ratio of pollens could amount to99.3%. Thisshowed that the seed full rate is no relation to pollen viability.3. The seeds of Pinus parviflora are physical dormancy and physiological dormancy. When seeds were been cold stratification for70days, the germination ratiois up to94.0%, higher than the other treatments. The seeds of Pinus parvifloraobtained in Qinhuangdao region can be seeding. The nutrition pot seedling is betterthan pots sowing. And pot sowing is better than the field sowing. The seedling ratioof bowl seedling could up to40%and the height of seedlings growing in one yearcould up to6.04cm, the trunk diameter was up to0.21cm. At seedling stage, thedamping-off disease was seriously.Seedlings in Qinhuangdao could overwinterwithout protecting. If seedlings were buried or completely covered with leaves, theyshould grow better.4. Pinus parviflora can be grafting propagation in Qinhuangdao area. With astrong affinity for Pinus parviflora in grafting, Pinus thunbergii was preferred toPinus tabulaeformis. And there is a lowest affinity for Pinus bungeana. Grafting ofPinus parviflora could be started from May to September. The grafting’s survival rateof May and June was higher than other time. Scions are perferred to buds and twigs.Grafting site could select new branches and one year old branches, grafting with otherelder branches was hard to survive. Grafting methods were cleft grafting, sidegrafting, pith cambium alignment grafting, et al. Late spring and early summer ofgrafted seedlings could grow new branches, grafted seedlings in July could grow newbranches next spring.In conclusion, the cold resistance of Pinus parviflora is strong, and it can grownormaly with in the range of-26~39.2℃. Pinus parviflora should be cultivatedwidely in Qinhuangdao region. The nursery of Pinus parviflora can be established inQinhuangdao area in the future.