Protein Expressions Of EGFR、PI3K And PTEN In Colorectal Cancer, Gastric Cancer And Esophageal Cancer

Background and Objective：Colorectal cancer，gastric cancer and esophagealcancer are the common gastrointestinal tumors. The current treatments for cancer suchas radiotherapy and chemotherapy are most common treatment in clinic.They have acertain effect on patients in the short term, but they can kill normal cells of the bodywhile kill cancer cells, and they have significant side effect on patients.They havedefects such as side effects,large hurt on the body and high recurrence rate,especiallythose who have been transferred is difficult to achieve good long-term efficacy. Inrecent years, with the development of molecular biology, targeted therapy which has theless of side effect and high selectivity has become the new breakthrough in cancertreatment.But there have some limitations such as a narrow range of sensitivepopulations.Even if the same tissue morphology of tumor in different individuals,thesensitivity of molecular targeted drugs is still a large difference.The clinical studyconfirmed that the same molecular targeted drugs in different tumors may also achievethe same effect.This shows that the mechanism of the tumor is complex anddiverse.So,how to select the more suitable targeted therapy drugs that from the point ofview of the pathogenesis of tumor is of great significance. Genes of EGFR, PI3K andPTEN play an important role in the tumor’s carcinogenesis. Although the role of thesetumor-related genes in a variety of gastrointestinal tumors has been widespreadconcerned,most researches are to study the action of these genes and their expressionproducts in a single tumor,longitudinal study of gene protein expression differences hasrarely been reported in colorectal cancer,gastric cancer and esophagealcancer.Immunohistochemistry be used to test the protein expressions of EGFR，PI3K and PTEN in colorectal cancer，gastric cancer and esophageal cancer. By analyzing theprotein expressions of EGFR，PI3K and PTEN in colorectal cancer，gastric cancer andesophageal cancer and their relationship with clinicopathological parameters.Thisproject longitudinally compared the differences that EGFR,PI3K and PTEN proteinexpression in different parts of the gastrointestinal tumors.It is to provide a theoreticalbasis for the treatment of tumors with molecular targeted drugs.Methods： Surgically resected and pathologically confirmed110cases ofcolorectal cancer，74cases of gastric cancer and20cases of esophageal cancer werecollected. All clinical data such as patiens’ gender，age，tumor location，histological typeand pathological stage were recorded. None of these patients received eitherradiocherapy or chemocherapy before the surgery. To detect the experession of EGFR，PI3K and PTEN in colorectal cancer，gastric cancer and esophageal cancer. All theresults were statistically analyzed with SPSS11.5software package.Results：1. The positive rate of EGFR protein expression in gastric cancer groupwas obviously higher than colorectal cancer group (P＜0.05)；The positive rate of PI3Kprotein expressions had no significant difference among the colorectal cancer, gastriccancer and esophageal cancer (P＞0.05)；The positive rate of PTEN protein expressionin esophageal cancer group was obviously higher than colorectal cancer group (P＜0.05).2. In colorectal cancer，the positive rate of EGFR protein expression in notreached the serosal layer group was higher than penetrated subserous layer group (P＜0.05)；The positive rate of PTEN protein expression in not reached the serosal layergroup was higher than penetrated subserous layer group (P＜0.05).In gastric cancer， the positive rate of EGFR protein expression in poordifferentiation group was higher than well-moderate differentiation group(P＜0.05)；The positive rate of PI3K protein expression in with lymph node metastasis group washigher than without lymph node metastasis group(P＜0.05)；The positive rate of PTENprotein expression in well-moderate differentiation group was higher than poordifferentiation group(P＜0.05),and it in not reached the serosal layer group was higherthan penetrated subserous layer group (P＜0.05),and it in without lymph nodemetastasis group was higher than with lymph node metastasis group(P＜0.05).In esophageal cancer，the positive expressions rate of EGFR，PI3K and PTENhave no obvious relationship with patiens’ gender，age，tumour location，differentiondegree，depth of invasion and lymph node metastasis (P＞0.05). 3. In colorectal cancer，EGFR protein expression was positively correlated withPI3K protein expression（r=0.196, P＜0.05）,and PTEN protein expression wasnegatively correlated with PI3K protein expression（r=-0.204, P＜0.05）.Conclusions:1.EGFR，PI3K and PTEN protein all have expressions more or lessin colorectal cancer，gastric cancer and esophageal cancer group.2. EGFR protein expression in gastric cancer is the highest.PTEN proteinexpression in colorectal cancer and gastric cancer is obviously missing.PI3K proteinexpression in colorectal cancer，gastric cancer and esophageal cancer has no significantdifference.3. EGFR，PI3K and PTEN protein expression associate with some of thebiological behavior in colorectal cancer and gastric cancer.