Investigation On The Growth And The Intake Of Nutrients In Junior Grade One Students In Puer City

The nutritional status of students is an important symbol of adolescent health level.Nutrient deficiency or excess nutrients will impact unfavorablely to the growth,development and health of young people. Dietary nutrition is an important guarantee tomaintain the normal physiological function and to improve the learning efficiency and thegrowth of middle school students. In addition, it also has a major impact on the occurrenceand development of chronic diseases in adulthood. The students are the future and hope ofour nation, and the force in twenty-first Century of China’s modernization. The dietary andnutritional status of middle school students are related to their physique, the quality of theirphysical fitness will directly affect the process of modernization of our country and therealization of Chinese nation’s thriving and prosperous and the Chinese dream.In recent years, although the development of Chinese middle school students(includingheight, weight, chest circumference) was increased, but the physical fitness of students wascontinued to decline trend, mainly in the speed, power and power quality. The Puer city islocated in the south of Yunnan province and inhabits the minority. In order to understandthe growth and dietary nutrition status in the first grade junior students in Puer, a total of498students at the age of13from the urban and rural areas of Puer city were enrolled inthis study with the cluster random sampling method in May2011. The height, weight, chestcircumference and visual acuity of students were measured, The quality indicatorsincluding50meters sprint, standing long jump and vital capacity were reference to the lastachievement. The food consumption and the intake of energy and nutrients wereinvestigated by the24h recall dietary survey. Statistical analyses were performed using theSPSS17.0package. Results are presented as the mean±standard deviation. The incidenceswere compared using the chi-squared test. Other data were analyzed by t test for2groupscomparisons. Significance of difference was set at P <0.05.The main results of this investigation are as follows： 1. The height of students in urban of Puer was significantly higher than that in rural (P<0.05). The weight of urban girls was significantly higher than that of rural girls (P <0.05).There was no statistical difference in chest circumference and boys weight between urbanand rural students.2. The achievement of50m sprint and the vital capacity of the urban students weresignificantly higher than that of the rural students (P <0.05). The standing long jumpachievement of the city girls were significantly higher than that of the rural girls (P <0.05)There was no statistical difference in the achievement of standing long jump between theurban and rural boys.3. The prevalence rate of malnutrition in urban or rural students was above5%respectively. The rate of lower weight is relatively higher. The rate of lower weight in ruralgirls was37.5%, significantly higher than that in urban girls. The obesity rate of urban girlswas14.29%and significantly higher than that of rural girls(P <0.05).4. The total rate of poor eyesight was43.37%There was no statistical differencebetween the urban and rural students.5. The food consumption of milk, meat, vegetables, fruit and fish and shrimp in urbanstudents was much more than that in rural students, but the consumption of potato andbeans in urban students was less than that in rural students(P <0.05). Compared with therecommended quantity of food consumption by the balance diet pagoda for Chineseresidents, the food consumption of milk, meat, vegetables, fruit and fish of the first gradejunior students in Puer city was also obviously insufficient, while the intake of meat wasenough.6. The intakes of energy and various nutrients of urban students were generally higherthan that of rural students. However, compared with DRIs,the intakes of energy, protein,vitamin B1, vitamin C and iron were above90%of RNIs, while the intakes of zinc, vitaminA, vitamin B2and calcium were shortage,especially the intake of calcium was less than50%of the adequate intake (AI).7. There was unhealthy life style and lack of the nutrition knowledge in the urban andrural students. Their dietary habit was not ideal, some students were picky eaters, somestudents did not eat breakfast.In summary, physique health status of the first grade junior students in Puer is not optimistic. For lack of nutrition knowledge, the dietary pattern of students is, irrational, thenutritional status of students is not ideal. The school, parents, and the community’s mustpay much more attention to this problem, and take effective measures to improve thedietary intake and nutritional status of students in Puer city.